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Communicable Diseases, Disease Prevention and the Immune System

Phagocytes and phagocytosis

  • 2 things to know
  • Components 02 and 03

Overview

How a phagocyte engulfs a pathogen, the phagosome and the lysosomes that destroy it, and the roles of opsonins, cytokines and antigen-presenting cells.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Process

What are opsonins and how do they function?

Key term

What are antigen-presenting cells and what do they do after engulfing pathogens?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Define phagocytes.

    Model answer

    Phagocytes are white blood cells that engulf and destroy pathogens.

  2. 2

    Name a type of phagocyte.

    Model answer

    Neutrophils.

  3. 3

    What are antigen-presenting cells and what do they do after engulfing pathogens?

    Model answer

    Antigen-presenting cells are phagocytes that display pathogen antigens on their surface after engulfing pathogens, allowing recognition by other immune cells.

  4. 4

    Define cytokines.

    Model answer

    Cytokines are signalling molecules released by cells that regulate immune responses.

  5. 5

    What are opsonins and how do they function?

    Model answer

    Opsonins are proteins that bind to pathogens and enhance phagocytosis by marking them for destruction.

  6. 6

    What is a phagosome?

    Model answer

    A phagosome is a vesicle formed when a phagocyte engulfs a pathogen.

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