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Ecosystems

The nitrogen and carbon cycles

  • 4 things to know
  • Components 02 and 03

Overview

Decomposers, nitrogen fixation, nitrification, assimilation, ammonification and denitrification with the bacteria involved, and the movement of carbon between reservoirs.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started
Process

Outline the nitrogen cycle.

Key term

Define decomposers and state the main types of organism involved.

Process

What is assimilation in the nitrogen cycle?

Key term

What is denitrification?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Define decomposers and state the main types of organism involved.

    Model answer

    Organisms that break down dead organic matter and waste products, releasing nutrients back into the ecosystem; mainly bacteria and fungi.

  2. 2

    What role do Nitrosomonas bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle?

    Model answer

    They are nitrifying bacteria that oxidise ammonia to nitrite.

  3. 3

    What role do Nitrobacter bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle?

    Model answer

    They are nitrifying bacteria that oxidise nitrite to nitrate.

  4. 4

    Describe the role of Azotobacter in the nitrogen cycle.

    Model answer

    They are free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria in soil that convert atmospheric nitrogen gas (N₂) into ammonia.

  5. 5

    Describe the role of Rhizobium in the nitrogen cycle.

    Model answer

    They are mutualistic nitrogen-fixing bacteria living in root nodules of leguminous plants that convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia.

  6. 6

    What is nitrogen fixation?

    Model answer

    The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen gas (N₂) into ammonia.

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