OCR A-Level Biology H420
Cell Structure
Biological Molecules
Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids
Enzymes
Biological Membranes
Cell Division, Cell Diversity and Cellular Organisation
Exchange Surfaces
Transport in Animals
Transport in Plants
Communicable Diseases, Disease Prevention and the Immune System
Biodiversity
Classification and Evolution
Communication and Homeostasis
Excretion as an Example of Homeostatic Control
Neuronal Communication
Hormonal Communication
Plant and Animal Responses
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Cellular Control
Patterns of Inheritance
Manipulating Genomes
Cloning and Biotechnology
Ecosystems
Populations and Sustainability
Practical Skills and Mathematical Requirements
Ecosystems
The nitrogen and carbon cycles
- 4 things to know
- Components 02 and 03
Overview
Decomposers, nitrogen fixation, nitrification, assimilation, ammonification and denitrification with the bacteria involved, and the movement of carbon between reservoirs.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Define decomposers and state the main types of organism involved.
What is assimilation in the nitrogen cycle?
What is denitrification?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Define decomposers and state the main types of organism involved.
Model answer
Organisms that break down dead organic matter and waste products, releasing nutrients back into the ecosystem; mainly bacteria and fungi.
- 2
What role do Nitrosomonas bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle?
Model answer
They are nitrifying bacteria that oxidise ammonia to nitrite.
- 3
What role do Nitrobacter bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle?
Model answer
They are nitrifying bacteria that oxidise nitrite to nitrate.
- 4
Describe the role of Azotobacter in the nitrogen cycle.
Model answer
They are free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria in soil that convert atmospheric nitrogen gas (N₂) into ammonia.
- 5
Describe the role of Rhizobium in the nitrogen cycle.
Model answer
They are mutualistic nitrogen-fixing bacteria living in root nodules of leguminous plants that convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia.
- 6
What is nitrogen fixation?
Model answer
The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen gas (N₂) into ammonia.
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