Numbers
AQA A-Level Law 7162
The Nature of Law
Topic overviewDistributive and Corrective JusticeTheories of Justice: Rawls, Nozick and MarxWhat Law Does in SocietyHow Law and Morality Are EnforcedMoral Diversity in a Pluralist SocietyThe Hart-Devlin DebateProcedural Justice and UtilitarianismThe Rule of Law: Core RequirementsLaw, Rights and the Resolution of DisputesFault and Strict LiabilityWhere Law and Morality OverlapWolfenden and R v BrownAristotle on JusticeJustice through Civil and Criminal LawCriminal and civil law comparedCustom, statute and common law as sourcesEquality, Fairness and Clarity before the Law
The European Union and English Law
Legal Personnel and the Judiciary
Access to Justice and Funding
Parliamentary Law Making
Delegated Legislation
Statutory Interpretation
Judicial Precedent
Law Reform
The Civil Courts and Dispute Resolution
The Criminal Courts and Sentencing
Lay People: Magistrates and Juries
Criminal Law: Rules and Theory
General Elements of Liability
Fatal Offences Against the Person
Non-Fatal Offences Against the Person
Property Offences
Preliminary Offences
Criminal Defences
Tort: Rules and Theory
Negligence
Occupiers' Liability
Nuisance and Rylands v Fletcher
Vicarious Liability
Tort: Defences and Remedies
Contract: Rules and TheoryContract
Formation of a ContractContract
Contract TermsContract
Vitiating FactorsContract
Discharge of a ContractContract
Contract: RemediesContract
Human Rights: Rules and TheoryHuman rights
Topic overviewArticle 2 and Article 5: Life and LibertyArticle 11 and the Conditions for RestrictionRights, Liberties and Correlative DutiesThe Scope of Fundamental Human RightsArticle 2 Exceptions and the Article 5 GuaranteeInterfering with Article 8 RightsArticle 10: Freedom of Expression and Its LimitsThe Human Rights Act and Categories of Rights
Human Rights in International and UK LawHuman rights
The European Convention ArticlesHuman rights
Topic overviewFreedom of Association and Its LimitsArticle 2: Justified Deprivation of LifeArticle 5: Lawful Arrest and DetentionArticle 8: Private and Family LifeArticle 11: What It ProtectsArticle 2: Negative and Positive ObligationsThe Article 2.2 Exceptions in DetailArticle 5.1: Liberty and Security of PersonDetention under Article 5.1(a) to (c)Article 5.2 to 5.5: Information and ReviewArticle 10.1: Freedom of ExpressionWhich Paragraphs Permit RestrictionThe Grounds for Lawful DetentionEnforcing Rights in Strasbourg and by Judicial Review
Restrictions and EnforcementHuman rights
Topic overviewThe Common Requirements for RestrictionsLegitimate Aims and ProportionalityBringing a Claim to the Strasbourg CourtArticle 46, Judicial Review and Section 7 ClaimsPrescribed by Law and Necessary in a DemocracyLegitimate Aims for Restricting Articles 10 and 11Enforcement in Strasbourg and at HomeThe Two General Conditions for RestrictionLegitimate Aims across Articles 8, 10 and 11Who May Claim and How Rights Are EnforcedSupervising Judgments and Judicial Review Remedies
Reform of Human Rights LawHuman rights
Law Reform
- 3 subtopics
- 10 things to know
- All three papers
What Law Reform covers
The Law Commission and how it works, from selecting a topic to consultation and report, and the codification and consolidation of existing law.
Where it is assessed
All three papers
The nature of law and the English legal system, 25 marks on each paper.
Check the AQA specification ↗The 3 subtopics
Each one has its own page.
- The Law CommissionRecall questions on when the Commission was created, the Act that established it and its purpose and functions.Open →
- Codification and ConsolidationRecall questions on what codification and consolidation mean and how they differ, the sources codification draws together, the Law Commission's repeal function, and why codification has largely failed in England and Wales.Open →
- The Law Commission's Reform ProcessRecall questions on the stages from selecting a topic through consultation to the consultation paper and final report.Open →
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Numbers
What legislation created the Law Commission?
Key term
How does consolidation differ from codification as functions of the Law Commission?
Key term
What is meant by codification as a function of the Law Commission?
Key term
What does consolidation mean as a Law Commission function?
Key term
What is the repeal function of the Law Commission?
Key term
What is the first stage in the Law Commission's reform process?
Key term
What types of legal experts does the Law Commission employ?
Key term
Why have codification projects been largely unsuccessful in England and Wales?
Process
What is the Law Commission for, and what does codification involve?
Take Law Reform further
The same content, four other ways.
Commonly confused
Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.
Law Commission vs Royal Commission
Law Commission: the permanent body reviewing the law and recommending reform. Royal Commission: a body appointed to investigate one particular issue and then dissolved.
Codification vs Consolidation
Codification: bringing all the law on a subject together into a single statute. Consolidation: reissuing existing statutes on a subject in one Act without changing the law.
Repeal vs Amendment
Repeal: removing a statutory provision from the law. Amendment: altering the wording of a provision that remains in force.
Questions from this topic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is the Law Commission and when was it established?
Model answer
The Law Commission is a permanent independent body established by the Law Commissions Act 1965 to keep the law of England and Wales under review and recommend reform where needed.
- 2
What legislation created the Law Commission?
Model answer
The Law Commissions Act 1965.
- 3
What is the primary purpose of the Law Commission?
Model answer
To keep the law of England and Wales under review and recommend reform where needed.
- 4
What is the first main function of the Law Commission relating to areas of law that need improvement?
Model answer
Reform of areas of law that are unsatisfactory.
- 5
Define codification as a function of the Law Commission.
Model answer
Codification involves bringing together all the law on a particular topic into a single, coherent statute.
- 6
What does consolidation mean in the context of the Law Commission's work?
Model answer
Consolidation is the process of bringing together all existing statutes on a particular area into one single statute, without changing the law.
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material.
Law Reform revision questions
- What does Law Reform cover in AQA A-Level Law?
- 3 subtopics: the law commission, codification and consolidation and the law commission's reform process. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
- How is Law Reform organised?
- By the AQA 7162 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.
Every question in Law Reform, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
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