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Property Offences

Dishonesty and the Ivey Test

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

Recall questions on the three situations in which section 2 says appropriation is not dishonest, the two limbs of the old Ghosh test, and the two stages of the Ivey v Genting Casinos test that replaced it.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What was the objective limb of the Ghosh test for dishonesty?

Key term

What does the element of 'dishonesty' require in the definition of theft?

Key term

What is the first stage of the Ivey v Genting Casinos test for dishonesty?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    How does section 2 of the Theft Act 1968 partially define dishonesty?

    Model answer

    Negatively, by providing three situations where appropriation is not dishonest.

  2. 2

    Under section 2, when is appropriation not dishonest due to belief in legal right?

    Model answer

    When the defendant believes they have a legal right to deprive the other person of the property.

  3. 3

    When is appropriation not dishonest based on belief about the owner's consent?

    Model answer

    When the defendant believes the owner would consent to the appropriation if they knew of it and the circumstances.

  4. 4

    Under section 2, when is appropriation not dishonest regarding an untraceable owner?

    Model answer

    When the defendant believes the owner cannot be discovered by taking reasonable steps.

  5. 5

    What was the objective limb of the Ghosh test for dishonesty?

    Model answer

    Whether the defendant's conduct was dishonest according to the ordinary standards of reasonable and honest people.

  6. 6

    What was the subjective limb of the Ghosh test for dishonesty?

    Model answer

    Whether the defendant realised that their conduct was dishonest by those ordinary standards.

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AThe defendant must have brought something onto their land.
BThe thing must be likely to do mischief if it escapes.
CThere must be a non-natural use of land.

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