Key term
AQA A-Level Law 7162
The Nature of Law
Topic overviewDistributive and Corrective JusticeTheories of Justice: Rawls, Nozick and MarxWhat Law Does in SocietyHow Law and Morality Are EnforcedMoral Diversity in a Pluralist SocietyThe Hart-Devlin DebateProcedural Justice and UtilitarianismThe Rule of Law: Core RequirementsLaw, Rights and the Resolution of DisputesFault and Strict LiabilityWhere Law and Morality OverlapWolfenden and R v BrownAristotle on JusticeJustice through Civil and Criminal LawCriminal and civil law comparedCustom, statute and common law as sourcesEquality, Fairness and Clarity before the Law
The European Union and English Law
Legal Personnel and the Judiciary
Access to Justice and Funding
Parliamentary Law Making
Delegated Legislation
Statutory Interpretation
Judicial Precedent
Law Reform
The Civil Courts and Dispute Resolution
The Criminal Courts and Sentencing
Lay People: Magistrates and Juries
Criminal Law: Rules and Theory
General Elements of Liability
Fatal Offences Against the Person
Non-Fatal Offences Against the Person
Property Offences
Preliminary Offences
Criminal Defences
Tort: Rules and Theory
Negligence
Occupiers' Liability
Nuisance and Rylands v Fletcher
Vicarious Liability
Tort: Defences and Remedies
Contract: Rules and TheoryContract
Formation of a ContractContract
Contract TermsContract
Vitiating FactorsContract
Discharge of a ContractContract
Contract: RemediesContract
Human Rights: Rules and TheoryHuman rights
Topic overviewArticle 2 and Article 5: Life and LibertyArticle 11 and the Conditions for RestrictionRights, Liberties and Correlative DutiesThe Scope of Fundamental Human RightsArticle 2 Exceptions and the Article 5 GuaranteeInterfering with Article 8 RightsArticle 10: Freedom of Expression and Its LimitsThe Human Rights Act and Categories of Rights
Human Rights in International and UK LawHuman rights
The European Convention ArticlesHuman rights
Topic overviewFreedom of Association and Its LimitsArticle 2: Justified Deprivation of LifeArticle 5: Lawful Arrest and DetentionArticle 8: Private and Family LifeArticle 11: What It ProtectsArticle 2: Negative and Positive ObligationsThe Article 2.2 Exceptions in DetailArticle 5.1: Liberty and Security of PersonDetention under Article 5.1(a) to (c)Article 5.2 to 5.5: Information and ReviewArticle 10.1: Freedom of ExpressionWhich Paragraphs Permit RestrictionThe Grounds for Lawful DetentionEnforcing Rights in Strasbourg and by Judicial Review
Restrictions and EnforcementHuman rights
Topic overviewThe Common Requirements for RestrictionsLegitimate Aims and ProportionalityBringing a Claim to the Strasbourg CourtArticle 46, Judicial Review and Section 7 ClaimsPrescribed by Law and Necessary in a DemocracyLegitimate Aims for Restricting Articles 10 and 11Enforcement in Strasbourg and at HomeThe Two General Conditions for RestrictionLegitimate Aims across Articles 8, 10 and 11Who May Claim and How Rights Are EnforcedSupervising Judgments and Judicial Review Remedies
Reform of Human Rights LawHuman rights
Statutory Interpretation
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Aids
- 4 things to know
- All three papers
Overview
Recall questions on intrinsic aids such as titles, preambles, schedules and interpretation sections, and extrinsic aids including dictionaries, Law Commission reports, explanatory notes, treaties and Hansard under the three Pepper v Hart conditions.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
What is Hansard and how can it assist interpretation?
Key term
What did Pepper v Hart (1993) establish regarding the use of Hansard?
Process
What are extrinsic aids, what are explanatory notes, and when may Hansard be consulted?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What are internal (intrinsic) aids to interpretation?
Model answer
Aids found within the statute itself that help judges interpret its meaning.
- 2
How can the long title of a statute assist interpretation?
Model answer
It is an intrinsic aid that indicates the general scope and purpose of the Act.
- 3
What role does the short title play as an intrinsic aid?
Model answer
It provides a brief identifying name for the statute that may indicate its subject matter.
- 4
How can a preamble assist in statutory interpretation?
Model answer
It is an intrinsic aid that sets out the reasons for and purposes of the legislation.
- 5
What function do schedules serve as intrinsic aids?
Model answer
They contain supplementary material such as detailed provisions, lists, or forms that clarify the main body of the statute.
- 6
How do headings within a statute assist interpretation?
Model answer
They are intrinsic aids that indicate the subject matter of sections or groups of sections.
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