Key term
AQA A-Level Law 7162
The Nature of Law
Topic overviewDistributive and Corrective JusticeTheories of Justice: Rawls, Nozick and MarxWhat Law Does in SocietyHow Law and Morality Are EnforcedMoral Diversity in a Pluralist SocietyThe Hart-Devlin DebateProcedural Justice and UtilitarianismThe Rule of Law: Core RequirementsLaw, Rights and the Resolution of DisputesFault and Strict LiabilityWhere Law and Morality OverlapWolfenden and R v BrownAristotle on JusticeJustice through Civil and Criminal LawCriminal and civil law comparedCustom, statute and common law as sourcesEquality, Fairness and Clarity before the Law
The European Union and English Law
Legal Personnel and the Judiciary
Access to Justice and Funding
Parliamentary Law Making
Delegated Legislation
Statutory Interpretation
Judicial Precedent
Law Reform
The Civil Courts and Dispute Resolution
The Criminal Courts and Sentencing
Lay People: Magistrates and Juries
Criminal Law: Rules and Theory
General Elements of Liability
Fatal Offences Against the Person
Non-Fatal Offences Against the Person
Property Offences
Preliminary Offences
Criminal Defences
Tort: Rules and Theory
Negligence
Occupiers' Liability
Nuisance and Rylands v Fletcher
Vicarious Liability
Tort: Defences and Remedies
Contract: Rules and TheoryContract
Formation of a ContractContract
Contract TermsContract
Vitiating FactorsContract
Discharge of a ContractContract
Contract: RemediesContract
Human Rights: Rules and TheoryHuman rights
Topic overviewArticle 2 and Article 5: Life and LibertyArticle 11 and the Conditions for RestrictionRights, Liberties and Correlative DutiesThe Scope of Fundamental Human RightsArticle 2 Exceptions and the Article 5 GuaranteeInterfering with Article 8 RightsArticle 10: Freedom of Expression and Its LimitsThe Human Rights Act and Categories of Rights
Human Rights in International and UK LawHuman rights
The European Convention ArticlesHuman rights
Topic overviewFreedom of Association and Its LimitsArticle 2: Justified Deprivation of LifeArticle 5: Lawful Arrest and DetentionArticle 8: Private and Family LifeArticle 11: What It ProtectsArticle 2: Negative and Positive ObligationsThe Article 2.2 Exceptions in DetailArticle 5.1: Liberty and Security of PersonDetention under Article 5.1(a) to (c)Article 5.2 to 5.5: Information and ReviewArticle 10.1: Freedom of ExpressionWhich Paragraphs Permit RestrictionThe Grounds for Lawful DetentionEnforcing Rights in Strasbourg and by Judicial Review
Restrictions and EnforcementHuman rights
Topic overviewThe Common Requirements for RestrictionsLegitimate Aims and ProportionalityBringing a Claim to the Strasbourg CourtArticle 46, Judicial Review and Section 7 ClaimsPrescribed by Law and Necessary in a DemocracyLegitimate Aims for Restricting Articles 10 and 11Enforcement in Strasbourg and at HomeThe Two General Conditions for RestrictionLegitimate Aims across Articles 8, 10 and 11Who May Claim and How Rights Are EnforcedSupervising Judgments and Judicial Review Remedies
Reform of Human Rights LawHuman rights
The Criminal Courts and Sentencing
The Magistrates' Court and Its Jurisdiction
- 4 things to know
- All three papers
Overview
Recall questions on who magistrates are, how many sit, who advises them and what happens when an indictable offence reaches them.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
What happens when an indictable offence comes before the Magistrates' Court?
Key term
Besides fines, what other non-custodial sentences can magistrates impose?
Process
How many magistrates sit, who advises them, and what do they decide?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is the employment status of magistrates, and where do they hear criminal cases?
Model answer
Magistrates are unpaid, part-time volunteers who sit in the Magistrates' Court to hear criminal cases.
- 2
How many magistrates typically sit together to hear a case, and who assists them?
Model answer
Magistrates usually sit as a bench of three, assisted by a legally qualified legal adviser who guides them on law and procedure.
- 3
Which categories of offences do magistrates have jurisdiction to try?
Model answer
Magistrates try all summary offences and most either-way offences where the defendant consents to magistrates' court trial.
- 4
What happens when an indictable offence comes before the Magistrates' Court?
Model answer
Magistrates conduct preliminary hearings for indictable offences before sending them to the Crown Court for trial.
- 5
In cases they try, what two decisions do magistrates make?
Model answer
Magistrates determine both the verdict (guilty or not guilty) and the sentence.
- 6
What is the maximum custodial sentence magistrates can impose when sentencing for two or more either-way offences?
Model answer
Twelve months' custody.
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