Which other symptoms of depression does the ICD list?

Other symptoms include poor concentration, low self-esteem and feelings of guilt or worthlessness. Disturbed sleep, a changed appetite and a bleak view of the future are also listed.

How does the ICD judge how severe a person's depression is?

The number and severity of the person's symptoms are counted. More numerous and severe symptoms mean a more severe diagnosis.

How does depression differ from ordinary sadness?

Sadness is a short-lived reaction to a difficult event. Depression lasts for weeks or longer and disrupts everyday life.

Edexcel GCSE Psychology 1PS0

Development

Topic overview Early brain development Piaget's theory of cognitive development Dweck's mindset theory and Willingham's learning theory The three mountains task and Gunderson's praise study The development of morality

Memory

Topic overview Information processing, duration and capacity Retrograde and anterograde amnesia Bartlett's theory of reconstructive memory The multi-store model, reductionism and holism War of the Ghosts and the Peterson and Peterson study

Psychological Problems

Topic overview Symptoms of depression and addiction Incidence and effects of mental health problems Explaining depression Explaining addiction Treating depression and addiction Key studies and the nature–nurture debate

The Brain and Neuropsychology

Topic overview Lobes of the brain and the effects of damage Lateralisation and Sperry's split-brain study Neurons, synapses and the central nervous system Phineas Gage and how brain research has changed

Social Influence

Topic overview Conformity to majority influence Obedience to authority Bystander intervention Crowd behaviour, society and culture Piliavin's subway study and the Stanford prison study

Criminal PsychologyOptional topic

Topic overview Operant conditioning and social learning explanations of crime Eysenck's criminal personality theory Punishment, recidivism and rehabilitation Bandura's Bobo doll study and Charlton's St Helena study

The SelfOptional topic

Topic overview Self-concept and influences on self-esteem Erikson's identity stages and belief in free will Rogers' and Maslow's humanistic theory Measuring personality and trait theory Vohs and Schooler's cheating study and Van Houtte and Jarvis's pet study

PerceptionOptional topic

Topic overview Depth cues, visual illusions and constancies Gibson's direct theory and Gregory's constructivist theory Perceptual set The Haber and Levin and Carmichael studies

Sleep and DreamingOptional topic

Topic overview Sleep stages and the sleep cycle Influences on sleep and sleep disorders Freud's theory of dreaming and activation synthesis theory Freud's Little Hans and Siffre's cave study

Language, Thought and CommunicationOptional topic

Topic overview Piaget and Vygotsky on language and thought Linguistic relativism and determinism Human and animal communication Non-verbal communication and Darwin's evolutionary theory The Yuki and Boroditsky studies

Research Methods

Topic overview Variables, hypotheses and controls Sampling methods Experiments and experimental designs Interviews, questionnaires and types of data Correlations, case studies and observations Ethical issues in psychological research Evaluating studies and the core areas of psychology Averages, calculations and graphs

Psychological Problems

Symptoms of depression and addiction

3 things to know
Paper 1

Overview

Unipolar depression and dependence as the International Classification of Diseases describes them, severity, tolerance and withdrawal, and behavioural addiction.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What is the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)?

Key term

What is unipolar depression?

Key term

Which core symptoms of depression does the ICD describe?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)?
Model answer
The International Classification of Diseases is the World Health Organization's system for diagnosing health conditions. Doctors compare a person's symptoms with its criteria.
2
What is unipolar depression?
Model answer
Unipolar depression is a mental health problem involving persistent low mood without episodes of mania. The low mood affects the person's daily life.
3
Which core symptoms of depression does the ICD describe?
Model answer
The core symptoms are low mood, loss of interest and enjoyment, and reduced energy or tiredness. The symptoms usually need to have lasted at least two weeks.
4
Which other symptoms of depression does the ICD list?
Model answer
Other symptoms include poor concentration, low self-esteem and feelings of guilt or worthlessness. Disturbed sleep, a changed appetite and a bleak view of the future are also listed.
5
How does the ICD judge how severe a person's depression is?
Model answer
The number and severity of the person's symptoms are counted. More numerous and severe symptoms mean a more severe diagnosis.
6
How does depression differ from ordinary sadness?
Model answer
Sadness is a short-lived reaction to a difficult event. Depression lasts for weeks or longer and disrupts everyday life.

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Development

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Psychological Problems

The Brain and Neuropsychology

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