Key term
CCEA AS-Level Sports Science and the Active Leisure Industry 7210
Components of Fitness
Training Methods
Fitness Testing
Topic overviewPurpose, protocol, validity and reliability of testsChoosing tests: maximal, sub-maximal and technologyTests of aerobic enduranceTests of strength, muscular endurance and powerSpeed, agility, flexibility, balance, co-ordination and reaction testsSupervising, recording and evaluating test results
Fitness Programmes and Exercise Sessions
Topic overviewAssessing a client and designing a programmeHeart rate training zones and the Karvonen methodResistance loads, work to recovery ratios and the Borg scalePlanning and leading circuits, exercise to music and spinningInstructing, motivating and observing participantsEvaluating a session or programme
Safety and Risk Assessment in Training
The Active Leisure Industry
Lifestyle and Health
Nutrition for Health and Exercise
Enhancing Fitness
Safety in the Active Leisure Industry
Barriers to Participation
Barriers to Participation
- 4 subtopics
- 12 things to know
- AS 2
What Barriers to Participation covers
Barriers to Participation is examined in Unit AS 2, The Active Leisure Industry: Health, Fitness and Lifestyle. It covers cost, time, location, disability and ability as barriers, gender, ethnicity, age and family as barriers, stereotyping and equal opportunity and reducing barriers and widening participation.
Where it is assessed
AS 2
The Active Leisure Industry: Health, Fitness and Lifestyle — a written examination.
Check the CCEA specification ↗The 4 subtopics
Each one has its own page. CCEA AS Sports Science and the Active Leisure Industry students sit this topic in the first year.
- Cost, time, location, disability and ability as barriersSocio-economic status, time, location and deprivation as barriers, reducing cost barriers, disability, accessible facilities, inclusive sport, low confidence and Disability Sport NI.Open →
- Gender, ethnicity, age and family as barriersGender, ethnicity and age as barriers, teenage girls dropping out, encouraging women, older adults and teenagers, family commitments, exclusive sports and participation data.Open →
- Stereotyping and equal opportunityStereotyping and discrimination, equal opportunity, equality law in Northern Ireland, positive action, role models, the media, Sport NI and equality impact assessments.Open →
- Reducing barriers and widening participationMeasuring success, physical and psychological barriers, combined barriers, outreach, technology, schools, clubs and workplaces, consultation, transport schemes and health inequality.Open →
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Why might a free event still fail to attract people facing barriers?
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How can gender act as a barrier to participation?
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What is stereotyping in sport?
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What are barriers to participation?
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Why do some teenage girls drop out of sport?
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Give an example of a gender stereotype in sport.
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How is the success of efforts to remove barriers measured?
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How can socio-economic status be a barrier to participation?
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How can leisure providers encourage more women to take part?
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How can stereotyping lead to discrimination?
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What is the difference between a physical and a psychological barrier?
Take Barriers to Participation further
The same content, four other ways.
Commonly confused
Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.
Stereotyping vs Discrimination
Stereotyping: assuming someone suits an activity because of a group they belong to. Discrimination: treating someone unfairly because of a group they belong to.
Positive action vs Equal opportunity
Positive action: targeted extra support for groups that are under-represented. Equal opportunity: the same chance for everyone to take part and progress.
Physical barrier vs Psychological barrier
Physical barrier: a practical obstacle such as a missing ramp or a long journey. Psychological barrier: an internal obstacle such as low confidence or fear of judgement.
Questions from this topic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What are barriers to participation?
Model answer
Barriers to participation are factors that stop people taking part in sport and physical activity. Barriers may be practical, social or personal.
- 2
How can socio-economic status be a barrier to participation?
Model answer
People on low incomes may not afford membership fees, equipment or transport. Some sports, such as golf, carry high costs.
- 3
How can a lack of time act as a barrier?
Model answer
Long working hours, shift work and caring duties leave little time for activity. People on low wages may work more than one job.
- 4
How can leisure providers reduce cost barriers?
Model answer
Providers can offer concessions, pay-as-you-go sessions and free equipment loans. Subsidised schemes target low-income groups.
- 5
How can location and transport act as barriers?
Model answer
People without a car may struggle to reach facilities, especially in rural areas. Poor public transport limits access.
- 6
Why might people in deprived areas have fewer opportunities to take part?
Model answer
Deprived areas may have fewer, older facilities and fewer clubs. Safety concerns can also discourage outdoor activity.
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material.
Barriers to Participation revision questions
- Is Barriers to Participation examined at AS in CCEA Sports Science and the Active Leisure Industry?
- Yes. It sits in AS 2, which you take in the first year, so it is on the AS paper as well as counting towards the full A level.
- What does Barriers to Participation cover in CCEA AS-Level Sports Science and the Active Leisure Industry?
- 4 subtopics: cost, time, location, disability and ability as barriers, gender, ethnicity, age and family as barriers, stereotyping and equal opportunity and reducing barriers and widening participation. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
- How is Barriers to Participation organised?
- By the CCEA 7210 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.
Every question in Barriers to Participation, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
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