How do laboratory experiments assess eyewitness effectiveness in terms of the independent variable?

Researchers manipulate independent variables such as exposure time, weapon presence, or misleading information to test their effects on memory.

What is measured as the dependent variable in laboratory experiments on eyewitness effectiveness?

Recall accuracy is measured to assess how well participants remember details of witnessed events.

Why are standardised procedures important in laboratory experiments on eyewitness memory?

Standardised procedures ensure all participants experience the same conditions, allowing valid comparisons and replication of the study.

What is a key strength of using laboratory experiments to study eyewitness testimony?

High internal validity due to control over extraneous variables, allowing cause-and-effect conclusions to be drawn.

Why might laboratory experiments on eyewitness memory lack ecological validity?

Artificial settings may not reflect the stress and unpredictability of real crimes, so findings may not generalise to real-world situations.

Edexcel A-Level Psychology 9PS0

Social Psychology

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Clinical Psychology

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Criminological PsychologyApplication

Topic overview Biological explanations of crime Social explanations of crime The cognitive interview and ethical interviewing Psychological formulation and offence analysis Cognitive-behavioural treatments for offenders Biological treatments for offenders Factors influencing eye-witness testimony Factors influencing jury decision-making Individual differences in criminological psychology Developmental psychology in criminological psychology Research methods in criminological psychology Sample selection and techniques Reliability and validity in criminological research Objectivity, credibility and ethics in criminological research Analysing data and evaluating practical research Ethical guidelines in criminological research Classic study: Loftus and Palmer (1974)Contemporary study: Bradbury and Williams (2013)Contemporary study: Valentine and Mesout (2009)Contemporary study: Howells et al. (2005)Key question in criminological psychology Practical investigation in criminological psychology Issues and debates in criminological psychology

Child PsychologyApplication

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Health PsychologyApplication

Criminological Psychology

Research methods in criminological psychology

3 things to know
Papers 2 and 3

Overview

Recall questions on the laboratory and field methods used to assess eye-witness effectiveness, and their strengths and weaknesses.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Evaluation

What type of behaviour do field experiments on eyewitness testimony aim to observe?

Study

How is the independent variable handled in field experiments on eyewitness testimony?

Key term

What type of environment is used in laboratory experiments to assess eyewitness effectiveness?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What type of environment is used in laboratory experiments to assess eyewitness effectiveness?
Model answer
A controlled environment where extraneous variables can be minimised and conditions standardised.
2
How do laboratory experiments assess eyewitness effectiveness in terms of the independent variable?
Model answer
Researchers manipulate independent variables such as exposure time, weapon presence, or misleading information to test their effects on memory.
3
What is measured as the dependent variable in laboratory experiments on eyewitness effectiveness?
Model answer
Recall accuracy is measured to assess how well participants remember details of witnessed events.
4
Why are standardised procedures important in laboratory experiments on eyewitness memory?
Model answer
Standardised procedures ensure all participants experience the same conditions, allowing valid comparisons and replication of the study.
5
What is a key strength of using laboratory experiments to study eyewitness testimony?
Model answer
High internal validity due to control over extraneous variables, allowing cause-and-effect conclusions to be drawn.
6
Why might laboratory experiments on eyewitness memory lack ecological validity?
Model answer
Artificial settings may not reflect the stress and unpredictability of real crimes, so findings may not generalise to real-world situations.

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