Key term
AQA GCSE Biology 8461
Bioenergetics
Cell Biology
Topic overviewEukaryotes and prokaryotesAnimal and plant cellsCell specialisation and differentiationMicroscopyGrowing bacteria and aseptic techniqueCalculating bacterial growth, and testing antiseptics and antibioticsChromosomes, mitosis and the cell cycleStem cells in embryos, adults and meristemsTherapeutic cloning, its risks, and cloning plantsDiffusion and the factors affecting its rateSurface area to volume ratio and exchange surfacesOsmosisActive transport
Ecology
Topic overviewLevels of organisation in an ecosystem, and what organisms needCompetition, interdependence and stable communitiesAbiotic factorsBiotic factorsAdaptationsProducers, food chains and sampling with quadrats and transectsPredators, prey and measuring population sizeHow materials are cycledDecompositionWaste management and biodiversityLand use, deforestation and global warmingMaintaining biodiversityTrophic levels and pyramids of biomassTransfer of biomassFactors affecting food securityFarming techniques and sustainable fisheriesRole of biotechnology
Homeostasis and Response
Topic overviewHomeostasisThe nervous system and the reflex arcThe structure of the eye and accommodationMyopia, hyperopia and how they are correctedThe brain and the control of body temperatureHuman endocrine systemInsulin, glucagon and diabetesWater and ion loss, and the production of ureaThe kidneys, ADH and treating kidney failureHormones in human reproductionContraceptionPlant hormones and their uses
Infection and Response
Inheritance, Variation and Evolution
Topic overviewSexual and asexual reproductionMeiosisAdvantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproductionDNA and the genomeDNA as a polymer of four nucleotidesGenetic terms, dominant and recessive allelesPunnett squares, probability and genetic crossesInherited disorders and sex determinationVariationEvolutionSelective breedingWhat genetic engineering is, and what it is used forGM crops, their risks, and the steps of the processCloningDarwin, Lamarck and the acceptance of evolutionSpeciationThe understanding of geneticsEvidence for evolution, and extinctionFossilsResistant bacteriaClassification of living organisms
Organisation
Topic overviewLevels of organisation, and how enzymes workAmylase, proteases and lipasesBile, food tests and the effect of pH on amylaseThe heart, the lungs and double circulationThe pacemaker, the blood vessels and the bloodCoronary heart disease: a non-communicable diseaseHealth issuesRisk factors and causal mechanisms in diseaseSampling, correlation and interpreting risk dataCancerPlant tissues, and transpiration and its rateRoot hair cells, xylem, phloem and stomata
Cell Biology
Eukaryotes and prokaryotes
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
The features shared by plant and animal cells, what makes a cell eukaryotic or prokaryotic, how bacterial DNA, plasmids and the cell wall are arranged, and sizes in standard form.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
Name two groups of organisms whose bodies are built from eukaryotic cells.
Key term
Where in a plant or animal cell is the genetic material kept?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What three features are found in both plant and animal cells?
Model answer
A cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material held inside a nucleus.
- 2
What name is given to cells whose genetic material is enclosed in a nucleus?
Model answer
Eukaryotic cells.
- 3
Name two groups of organisms whose bodies are built from eukaryotic cells.
Model answer
Plants and animals.
- 4
Where in a plant or animal cell is the genetic material kept?
Model answer
Inside the nucleus, which encloses it.
- 5
What type of cell is a bacterial cell?
Model answer
A prokaryotic cell.
- 6
How does the size of a bacterial cell compare with the size of a plant or animal cell?
Model answer
A bacterial cell is much smaller.
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