Introducing Socialisation, Culture and Identity

What Introducing Socialisation, Culture and Identity covers

Introducing Socialisation, Culture and Identity is examined on component 01 of OCR Sociology, Socialisation, culture and identity. 115 recall questions across 11 subtopics.

The 11 subtopics

Each one has its own page.

• Culture, norms, values and cultural relativismRecall questions on culture, norms and values, why culture is learned rather than inherited, cultural relativism and ethnocentrism, Margaret Mead's New Guinea research on gender roles and Freeman's challenge to it, and Horace Miner's Nacirema as evidence of the relative nature of culture.Open →
• Subculture, high culture and popular cultureRecall questions on how food norms vary between cultures, subculture and Willis's counter-school lads, high culture and Bourdieu's cultural capital, popular culture and the Frankfurt School's culture industry, and Strinati's postmodern view that the line between high and popular culture has collapsed.Open →
• Global and consumer culture, cultural diversity and hybridityRecall questions on global culture, Ritzer's McDonaldization and Robertson's glocalisation, consumer culture as explained by Bauman and Baudrillard and criticised by Marxists such as Marcuse, cultural diversity, and cultural hybridity, with Les Back's study of young people in South London.Open →
• Primary and secondary socialisation, the family and peer groupRecall questions on socialisation, primary socialisation in the family and Parsons's view of families as factories producing personalities, Cooley's looking-glass self and G.H. Mead's social self, secondary socialisation, Oakley's four processes of gender socialisation, and the peer group as an agency, including Willis's lads.Open →
• Media, religion, education and the workplace as agencies of socialisationRecall questions on the media, religion, education and the workplace as agencies of socialisation: how far the media shape audiences, Durkheim's and the Marxist and feminist views of religion, functionalist views of education, the hidden curriculum, Bowles and Gintis's correspondence principle, and how the workplace socialises adults.Open →
• Lifelong socialisation and the nature/nurture debateRecall questions on socialisation as a lifelong process, anticipatory socialisation and resocialisation, the nature/nurture debate with the evidence for nurture and the sociobiology of Wilson, why the debate matters, how agencies of socialisation create identities, and Dennis Wrong's criticism of the over-socialised functionalist account.Open →
• Social control, sanctions and formal agencies of controlRecall questions on social control, positive and negative sanctions, formal and informal social control, and the formal agencies of social control: the police, the law and legal system, the courts, government and the military.Open →
• Informal agencies and theories of social controlRecall questions on informal social control by the family, peer groups, media, religion, education and the workplace, moral panics, how work, education and religion combine formal and informal control, and theories of social control from Durkheim, Althusser, Heidensohn, Becker and Foucault.Open →
• The concept of identity, ethnicity and nationalityRecall questions on the concept of identity, personal and social identity, ascribed and achieved identity, Jenkins's internal-external dialectic, Goffman on managing identity, ethnic identity and the difference between ethnicity and race, and national identity as Anderson's imagined communities.Open →
• Gender, class and sexual identityRecall questions on gender identity, Connell's hegemonic masculinity and emphasised femininity, the crisis of masculinity, class identity with Bourdieu's habitus and Savage's Great British Class Survey, postmodern claims that class is dying, sexual identity and heteronormativity, and Rich's compulsory heterosexuality.Open →
• Age, disability, hybrid and intersecting identitiesRecall questions on age as socially constructed and Featherstone and Hepworth's mask of ageing, the medical and social models of disability and disability as a master status, hybrid identities, why socialisation is never total, Crenshaw's intersectionality, and whether identities are now fluid and chosen, as Bauman argues.Open →

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Take Introducing Socialisation, Culture and Identity further

The same content, four other ways.

Questions from this topic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1. 1

   What do sociologists mean by culture?

   Model answer

   Culture is the whole way of life of a group or society — its shared norms, values, beliefs, language, customs, knowledge and material objects — which is learned and passed on from one generation to the next.

2. 2

   Define the term norm.

   Model answer

   A norm is an informal rule that sets out the behaviour expected of people in a particular social situation.

3. 3

   What is a value?

   Model answer

   A value is a general belief about what is right, important or worth aiming for in a society, which underpins its more specific norms.

4. 4

   Why do sociologists insist that culture is learned rather than inherited?

   Model answer

   Because a child born into any society acquires that society's culture through socialisation, and children raised in different societies grow up with entirely different norms, values and languages.

5. 5

   What does cultural relativism mean?

   Model answer

   Cultural relativism is the principle that the norms and values of a society should be judged in the context of that society rather than measured against the standards of another, so no culture is objectively superior.

6. 6

   What is ethnocentrism?

   Model answer

   Ethnocentrism is judging another culture by the standards of one's own and treating one's own culture as the normal or superior benchmark.

What is inside Levo

Six ways to work the same material.

Introducing Socialisation, Culture and Identity revision questions

What does Introducing Socialisation, Culture and Identity cover in OCR A-Level Sociology?

11 subtopics: culture, norms, values and cultural relativism, subculture, high culture and popular culture, global and consumer culture, cultural diversity and hybridity, primary and secondary socialisation, the family and peer group, media, religion, education and the workplace as agencies of socialisation, lifelong socialisation and the nature/nurture debate, social control, sanctions and formal agencies of control, informal agencies and theories of social control, the concept of identity, ethnicity and nationality, gender, class and sexual identity and age, disability, hybrid and intersecting identities. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.

How is Introducing Socialisation, Culture and Identity organised?

By the OCR H580 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.