What are narcotic analgesics, and why might a performer take them?

Narcotic analgesics are strong painkillers. A performer might take them to mask the pain of an injury or of over-training and keep competing.

What are the side effects of narcotic analgesics?

Narcotic analgesics can be addictive and cause nausea. Masking pain can let an injury become much worse.

What are anabolic agents, and which performers might take them?

Anabolic agents, such as anabolic steroids, increase muscle mass and strength and speed up recovery. Performers in power events such as weightlifting, sprinting and throwing might take them.

AQA GCSE Physical Education 8582

Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Topic overview Bones and the functions of the skeleton Joints, joint actions, ligaments and tendons Muscles and antagonistic pairs The pathway of air and gaseous exchange Blood vessels The heart, the cardiac cycle and cardiac output Mechanics of breathing and spirometer traces Aerobic and anaerobic exercise Recovery from exercise and EPOC Short- and long-term effects of exercise

Movement Analysis

Topic overview Lever systems and mechanical advantage Joint movements in sporting actions Planes and axes of movement

Physical Training

Topic overview Health, fitness and exercise Components of fitness Fitness tests and their data Principles of training Types of training Training intensities and one rep max Injury prevention, altitude training and training seasons Warm up and cool down

Use of Data

Topic overview Collecting and presenting data Analysing and evaluating data

Sports Psychology

Topic overview Classification of skills Goal setting and SMART targets Information processing Types of guidance Types of feedback Arousal, the inverted-U theory and stress management Aggression, personality and motivation

Socio-Cultural Influences

Topic overview Engagement patterns and participation in sport Commercialisation, sponsorship and the media Impacts of sponsorship, the media and technology Etiquette, sportsmanship and gamesmanship Performance-enhancing drugs and blood doping Spectator behaviour and hooliganism

Health, Fitness and Wellbeing

Topic overview Physical, emotional and social health and wellbeing Sedentary lifestyles and obesity Somatotypes Energy use and a balanced diet Nutrients and hydration

Socio-Cultural Influences

Performance-enhancing drugs and blood doping

3 things to know
Paper 2

Overview

Stimulants, narcotic analgesics, anabolic agents, EPO, diuretics, blood doping and beta blockers, which performers might use them, their side effects, and the harm to sport.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What are performance-enhancing drugs?

Key term

What are stimulants, and why might a performer take them?

Key term

What are the side effects of stimulants?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What are performance-enhancing drugs?
Model answer
Performance-enhancing drugs are substances taken to improve sporting performance. Most are banned, and performers are tested for them.
2
What are stimulants, and why might a performer take them?
Model answer
Stimulants increase alertness, reduce tiredness and raise heart rate. Performers needing quick reactions or aggression, such as sprinters or boxers, might take them.
3
What are the side effects of stimulants?
Model answer
Stimulants can cause high blood pressure, heart problems and addiction. Stimulants can also cause sleeplessness and anxiety.
4
What are narcotic analgesics, and why might a performer take them?
Model answer
Narcotic analgesics are strong painkillers. A performer might take them to mask the pain of an injury or of over-training and keep competing.
5
What are the side effects of narcotic analgesics?
Model answer
Narcotic analgesics can be addictive and cause nausea. Masking pain can let an injury become much worse.
6
What are anabolic agents, and which performers might take them?
Model answer
Anabolic agents, such as anabolic steroids, increase muscle mass and strength and speed up recovery. Performers in power events such as weightlifting, sprinting and throwing might take them.

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The ribs and the form the chest.

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AThe aerobic training zone of a 20-year-old is 120–160 bpm.

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CThe zone runs from 0.6 × 200 = 120 bpm to 0.8 × 200 = 160 bpm.

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Tendon means tough tissue attaching a muscle to a bone.

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