Why is visual guidance useful for beginners?

A demonstration gives a beginner a clear mental picture of what the skill should look like. Beginners can copy the model without needing technical terms.

What are the disadvantages of visual guidance?

A demonstration must be accurate, or the performer learns the faults it shows. Some complex skills contain too much detail to take in from one demonstration.

What is verbal guidance?

Verbal guidance is information the performer hears, usually from a coach or teacher. A coach telling a swimmer to keep a high elbow in front crawl gives verbal guidance.

AQA GCSE Physical Education 8582

Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Topic overview Bones and the functions of the skeleton Joints, joint actions, ligaments and tendons Muscles and antagonistic pairs The pathway of air and gaseous exchange Blood vessels The heart, the cardiac cycle and cardiac output Mechanics of breathing and spirometer traces Aerobic and anaerobic exercise Recovery from exercise and EPOC Short- and long-term effects of exercise

Movement Analysis

Topic overview Lever systems and mechanical advantage Joint movements in sporting actions Planes and axes of movement

Physical Training

Topic overview Health, fitness and exercise Components of fitness Fitness tests and their data Principles of training Types of training Training intensities and one rep max Injury prevention, altitude training and training seasons Warm up and cool down

Use of Data

Topic overview Collecting and presenting data Analysing and evaluating data

Sports Psychology

Topic overview Classification of skills Goal setting and SMART targets Information processing Types of guidance Types of feedback Arousal, the inverted-U theory and stress management Aggression, personality and motivation

Socio-Cultural Influences

Topic overview Engagement patterns and participation in sport Commercialisation, sponsorship and the media Impacts of sponsorship, the media and technology Etiquette, sportsmanship and gamesmanship Performance-enhancing drugs and blood doping Spectator behaviour and hooliganism

Health, Fitness and Wellbeing

Topic overview Physical, emotional and social health and wellbeing Sedentary lifestyles and obesity Somatotypes Energy use and a balanced diet Nutrients and hydration

Sports Psychology

Types of guidance

3 things to know
Paper 2

Overview

Visual, verbal, manual and mechanical guidance, their advantages and disadvantages, and choosing guidance for a beginner or an elite performer.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What is guidance in sport?

Key term

What is visual guidance?

Key term

Name three ways visual guidance can be given.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is guidance in sport?
Model answer
Guidance is information given to a performer to help them learn or improve a skill. The four types of guidance are visual, verbal, manual and mechanical.
2
What is visual guidance?
Model answer
Visual guidance is information the performer sees. A coach demonstrating a lay-up shot in basketball is giving visual guidance.
3
Name three ways visual guidance can be given.
Model answer
Visual guidance can be given through a demonstration, video footage and a diagram.
4
Why is visual guidance useful for beginners?
Model answer
A demonstration gives a beginner a clear mental picture of what the skill should look like. Beginners can copy the model without needing technical terms.
5
What are the disadvantages of visual guidance?
Model answer
A demonstration must be accurate, or the performer learns the faults it shows. Some complex skills contain too much detail to take in from one demonstration.
6
What is verbal guidance?
Model answer
Verbal guidance is information the performer hears, usually from a coach or teacher. A coach telling a swimmer to keep a high elbow in front crawl gives verbal guidance.

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Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Movement Analysis

Physical Training

Use of Data

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The ribs and the form the chest.

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AThe aerobic training zone of a 20-year-old is 120–160 bpm.

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CThe zone runs from 0.6 × 200 = 120 bpm to 0.8 × 200 = 160 bpm.

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Tendon means tough tissue attaching a muscle to a bone.

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