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Changing Cities

Urbanisation, suburbanisation and migration in the chosen UK city

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 2

Overview

The order of urbanisation, suburbanisation, counter-urbanisation and re-urbanisation, what drives each, and how national and international migration reshape a city's age structure, ethnic mix, housing and services.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Process

In what order do the four processes of urban change occur in a British city, and what do the last three involve?

Key term

Why do people move to a British city from within the country and from abroad, and how does migration affect its neighbourhoods and housing?

Process

In which order do the four processes of urban change usually occur in a British city?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    In which order do the four processes of urban change usually occur in a British city?

    Model answer

    Urbanisation first, then suburbanisation, then counter-urbanisation, and most recently re-urbanisation.

  2. 2

    What is suburbanisation?

    Model answer

    The outward spread of a city as people and businesses move from the centre to housing estates on its edge.

  3. 3

    Which developments made suburbanisation possible?

    Model answer

    Rising car ownership, trams, buses and commuter railways, which let people live away from where they worked.

  4. 4

    What is counter-urbanisation?

    Model answer

    The movement of people out of a city altogether, to villages, small towns and rural areas beyond it.

  5. 5

    Why do households counter-urbanise?

    Model answer

    They want cheaper or larger homes, more space and a quieter environment, and remote working or commuting makes it practical.

  6. 6

    What is re-urbanisation?

    Model answer

    People moving back into inner urban areas, usually after old industrial land and buildings have been regenerated.

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