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Geographical Skills

Collecting, recording and presenting data

  • 3 things to know
  • All three papers

Overview

Quantitative and qualitative data, reliability and accuracy in fieldwork, improving depth readings, equipment for measuring river speed, recording sheets, consistent methods, collating results, spreadsheets, presenting by hand, and what every graph or map needs.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Evaluation

Give one advantage of presenting results by hand rather than with software.

Key term

What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative data?

Key term

What does it mean for a fieldwork measurement to be reliable?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative data?

    Model answer

    Quantitative data is measured as numbers, while qualitative data is descriptive, such as opinions, photographs or written observations.

  2. 2

    What does it mean for a fieldwork measurement to be reliable?

    Model answer

    Taking it again in the same way would give the same result, so it can be trusted.

  3. 3

    What does accuracy mean when taking a fieldwork measurement?

    Model answer

    How close the reading is to the true value of what is being measured.

  4. 4

    How would you improve the accuracy of a river depth reading?

    Model answer

    Take the reading several times at the same spot with the metre rule held upright on the bed, then use the mean.

  5. 5

    Which equipment would you choose to measure the speed of a river, and how does it work?

    Model answer

    A float timed over a measured length of channel, or an impeller flow meter held in the current that counts revolutions.

  6. 6

    What is a recording sheet, and why is one prepared before going out?

    Model answer

    A ready-made table with a space for every reading planned, so nothing is forgotten and every site is written up in the same order.

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