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Weather Hazards and Climate Change

The climate of the UK and how it varies

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

The UK's temperate maritime climate, the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age, the mild south-west and more extreme east, the prevailing south-westerly wind and relief rainfall, latitude, the warm Atlantic current and frequent changes of weather.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

How would you describe the type of climate the UK has?

Key term

From which direction does the UK's prevailing wind blow, and what does it bring?

Key term

Why is the UK milder in winter than many places at the same distance from the equator?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    How would you describe the type of climate the UK has?

    Model answer

    Temperate maritime: mild winters, cool summers and rain spread fairly evenly through the year, without extremes of heat or cold.

  2. 2

    What was the Medieval Warm Period?

    Model answer

    A warmer spell from about 900 to 1300 when vines were grown further north in Britain and farming spread up onto higher ground.

  3. 3

    What was the Little Ice Age?

    Model answer

    A colder spell from roughly 1500 to 1800 when winters were severe enough for frost fairs to be held on the frozen Thames.

  4. 4

    Which part of the UK has the mildest winters, and why?

    Model answer

    The south-west, because it is most exposed to warm moist air off the Atlantic and furthest from the cold continental air that reaches the east.

  5. 5

    Why does eastern England have hotter summers and colder winters than the west?

    Model answer

    It is furthest from the moderating influence of the ocean, so it behaves more like the continental interior of Europe.

  6. 6

    From which direction does the UK's prevailing wind blow, and what does it bring?

    Model answer

    From the south-west, bringing mild moist air that has crossed the Atlantic.

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