Key term
OCR GCSE Geography A J383
Ecosystems of the Planet
Topic overviewAbiotic and biotic components, and how ecosystems interactThe world’s biomes: where they are and what they are likeWhere the tropical rainforests are, and what they are likeWhere the coral reefs are, and what they are likeRainforest processes and nutrient cyclingTwo threatened ecosystems: a rainforest and a coral reef
Environmental Threats to Our Planet
Topic overviewClimate change through the Quaternary, and since 1000ADThe evidence for climate changeNatural causes of climate change, and the enhanced greenhouse effectThe consequences of climate changeThe world’s climatic regions and global atmospheric circulationHow global circulation produces extreme weatherTropical storms: causes, distribution and frequencyA drought caused by El Niño or La Niña
Fieldwork Skills
Geographical Skills
Topic overviewConstructing maps, and reading cross-sections and transectsCoordinates, scale, distance and reading information from a mapGradient, contours, spot heights and GISChoosing, constructing and presenting graphs and chartsReading and interpreting the main graph and chart typesNumber, area, scale and the relationships between unitsProportion and ratio, and measures of central tendency and spreadPercentages and percentiles, and designing data collection sheetsReading tables, and describing relationships in bivariate dataTrend lines and lines of best fitPredicting from data, and spotting weak statistical presentationDrawing and justifying conclusions from dataInterpreting images and written sources, and recognising biasJudging the limits of maps, graphs, statistics and images
Landscapes of the UK
People of the Planet
Topic overviewDefining and measuring developmentThe global pattern of development: ACs, EDCs and LIDCsWhy development is uneven, and the role of aidA developing or emerging country: its context and economyRostow’s model and the country’s path of developmentCities, megacities and world citiesWhy urban growth rates differ around the worldRapid urbanisation in poorer countries: causes and effectsA major city in a poorer or emerging country
People of the UK
Topic overviewThe UK’s trade, media and cultural links with the worldThe UK’s geographical diversity and its inequalitiesUneven development within the UK, and the effects of economic growthHow the UK’s population structure has changed since 1900Immigration into the UK in the twenty-first centuryUrban trends in the UK and their effectsA major UK city: its people, challenges and ways of life
UK Environmental Challenges
Topic overviewAir masses, the North Atlantic Drift and the UK’s extreme weatherA UK flood event: causes, effects and responsesHow people use, modify and change UK ecosystemsThe UK’s renewable and non-renewable energy sourcesChanging UK energy supply and demand, and sustainable useRenewables in the UK, and the future of fossil fuelsWhat shapes the UK’s energy choices
Geographical Skills
Constructing maps, and reading cross-sections and transects
- 3 things to know
- Component 03
Overview
The four things every map needs, labels against annotations, choosing a scale, sketch maps and keys, cross-sections and their axes, vertical exaggeration, the U shape of a glaciated valley, and what transects, including one from a city's edge to its centre, can show.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
What four things should every map you produce include?
Key term
What is the difference between a label and an annotation on a map?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What four things should every map you produce include?
Model answer
A title, a north arrow, a scale bar or stated scale, and a key explaining every symbol or colour used.
- 2
What is the difference between a label and an annotation on a map?
Model answer
A label only names a feature, while an annotation adds a short explanation of what it is or why it matters.
- 3
How do you choose a suitable scale for a map you are making?
Model answer
Pick a scale that fits the whole study area into the space available while still showing the detail you need.
- 4
What is a sketch map?
Model answer
A simplified map showing only the main features of an area, usually not to an exact scale.
- 5
Why is a key needed on a map that uses shading or symbols?
Model answer
Without one the reader cannot tell what each colour or symbol stands for, so the map cannot be interpreted at all.
- 6
What is a cross-section in geography?
Model answer
A side-on view of the ground along a chosen line, showing how the height of the land changes across it.
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