What should you be able to state about the geographical location of the country you have studied?

Its continent and region, which countries or seas it borders, and whether it has a coastline or is landlocked.

Why do a country’s ecosystems matter to its economic development?

They supply timber, fish, soil and tourist income, but are damaged if they are used faster than they can recover.

Why is the type of natural resource a country holds as important as the amount?

Fuels and metals earn far more on world markets than most farm products, so what a country has decides how much it can earn.

How does political stability affect a country’s economic growth?

Stable government encourages companies to invest for the long term, while instability or conflict drives investment away.

OCR GCSE Geography A J383

Ecosystems of the Planet

Topic overview Abiotic and biotic components, and how ecosystems interact The world’s biomes: where they are and what they are like Where the tropical rainforests are, and what they are like Where the coral reefs are, and what they are like Rainforest processes and nutrient cycling Two threatened ecosystems: a rainforest and a coral reef

Environmental Threats to Our Planet

Topic overview Climate change through the Quaternary, and since 1000AD The evidence for climate change Natural causes of climate change, and the enhanced greenhouse effect The consequences of climate change The world’s climatic regions and global atmospheric circulation How global circulation produces extreme weather Tropical storms: causes, distribution and frequency A drought caused by El Niño or La Niña

Fieldwork Skills

Topic overview Framing an enquiry question and choosing your methods Presenting, analysing and explaining fieldwork data Concluding, and evaluating the enquiry

Geographical Skills

Topic overview Constructing maps, and reading cross-sections and transects Coordinates, scale, distance and reading information from a map Gradient, contours, spot heights and GIS Choosing, constructing and presenting graphs and charts Reading and interpreting the main graph and chart types Number, area, scale and the relationships between units Proportion and ratio, and measures of central tendency and spread Percentages and percentiles, and designing data collection sheets Reading tables, and describing relationships in bivariate data Trend lines and lines of best fit Predicting from data, and spotting weak statistical presentation Drawing and justifying conclusions from data Interpreting images and written sources, and recognising bias Judging the limits of maps, graphs, statistics and images

Landscapes of the UK

Topic overview The UK’s upland, lowland and glaciated landscapes Geomorphic processes: weathering, mass movement, erosion, transport and deposition River landforms and how they form Coastal landforms and how they form Two UK landscape case studies: a river basin and a coastline

People of the Planet

Topic overview Defining and measuring development The global pattern of development: ACs, EDCs and LIDCs Why development is uneven, and the role of aid A developing or emerging country: its context and economy Rostow’s model and the country’s path of development Cities, megacities and world cities Why urban growth rates differ around the world Rapid urbanisation in poorer countries: causes and effects A major city in a poorer or emerging country

People of the UK

Topic overview The UK’s trade, media and cultural links with the world The UK’s geographical diversity and its inequalities Uneven development within the UK, and the effects of economic growth How the UK’s population structure has changed since 1900 Immigration into the UK in the twenty-first century Urban trends in the UK and their effects A major UK city: its people, challenges and ways of life

UK Environmental Challenges

Topic overview Air masses, the North Atlantic Drift and the UK’s extreme weather A UK flood event: causes, effects and responses How people use, modify and change UK ecosystems The UK’s renewable and non-renewable energy sources Changing UK energy supply and demand, and sustainable use Renewables in the UK, and the future of fossil fuels What shapes the UK’s energy choices

People of the Planet

A developing or emerging country: its context and economy

3 things to know
Component 02

Overview

How location, landscape, climate, ecosystems, resources, political stability and links with other states shape a country's development, imports and exports, foreign direct investment, employment structure, population, education, healthcare, mobile technology and aid, and Nigeria's oil exports, political history, investment by Shell and China, and freedom from wild polio.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What is foreign direct investment, and what does it bring to and cost a developing country?

Key term

Why does the landscape of a country affect its economic development?

Key term

How can climate help or limit a country’s economy?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What should you be able to state about the geographical location of the country you have studied?
Model answer
Its continent and region, which countries or seas it borders, and whether it has a coastline or is landlocked.
2
Why does the landscape of a country affect its economic development?
Model answer
Mountains, desert or dense forest make transport and farming difficult, while flat, well-watered land supports settlement and industry.
3
How can climate help or limit a country’s economy?
Model answer
A reliable growing season supports farming and tourism, while drought, extreme heat or flooding destroys crops and damages roads and buildings.
4
Why do a country’s ecosystems matter to its economic development?
Model answer
They supply timber, fish, soil and tourist income, but are damaged if they are used faster than they can recover.
5
Why is the type of natural resource a country holds as important as the amount?
Model answer
Fuels and metals earn far more on world markets than most farm products, so what a country has decides how much it can earn.
6
How does political stability affect a country’s economic growth?
Model answer
Stable government encourages companies to invest for the long term, while instability or conflict drives investment away.

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Ecosystems of the Planet

Environmental Threats to Our Planet

Fieldwork Skills

Geographical Skills

Cram a whole paper in one sitting

Sort every topic into what you know and what you do not, then drill only the weak ones.

The trade winds drive warm surface water .

westwardseastwardsnorthwards

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Rapid timed gap-fills on the terms and numbers you need to recall without thinking.

AMore sunspots mean the Sun is giving out more energy.

BMore reaches the Earth and the climate warms.

CFewer sunspots mean a cooler climate.

Build It gets the exam shape right

Assemble a full-mark answer from its marking points, in the order an examiner wants them.

Obliquity means the angle of tilt of the Earth's axis.

TrueFalse

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Spot the fault in a statement. The traps are the mistakes students actually make.

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