Numbers
OCR GCSE Geography A J383
Ecosystems of the Planet
Topic overviewAbiotic and biotic components, and how ecosystems interactThe world’s biomes: where they are and what they are likeWhere the tropical rainforests are, and what they are likeWhere the coral reefs are, and what they are likeRainforest processes and nutrient cyclingTwo threatened ecosystems: a rainforest and a coral reef
Environmental Threats to Our Planet
Topic overviewClimate change through the Quaternary, and since 1000ADThe evidence for climate changeNatural causes of climate change, and the enhanced greenhouse effectThe consequences of climate changeThe world’s climatic regions and global atmospheric circulationHow global circulation produces extreme weatherTropical storms: causes, distribution and frequencyA drought caused by El Niño or La Niña
Fieldwork Skills
Geographical Skills
Topic overviewConstructing maps, and reading cross-sections and transectsCoordinates, scale, distance and reading information from a mapGradient, contours, spot heights and GISChoosing, constructing and presenting graphs and chartsReading and interpreting the main graph and chart typesNumber, area, scale and the relationships between unitsProportion and ratio, and measures of central tendency and spreadPercentages and percentiles, and designing data collection sheetsReading tables, and describing relationships in bivariate dataTrend lines and lines of best fitPredicting from data, and spotting weak statistical presentationDrawing and justifying conclusions from dataInterpreting images and written sources, and recognising biasJudging the limits of maps, graphs, statistics and images
Landscapes of the UK
People of the Planet
Topic overviewDefining and measuring developmentThe global pattern of development: ACs, EDCs and LIDCsWhy development is uneven, and the role of aidA developing or emerging country: its context and economyRostow’s model and the country’s path of developmentCities, megacities and world citiesWhy urban growth rates differ around the worldRapid urbanisation in poorer countries: causes and effectsA major city in a poorer or emerging country
People of the UK
Topic overviewThe UK’s trade, media and cultural links with the worldThe UK’s geographical diversity and its inequalitiesUneven development within the UK, and the effects of economic growthHow the UK’s population structure has changed since 1900Immigration into the UK in the twenty-first centuryUrban trends in the UK and their effectsA major UK city: its people, challenges and ways of life
UK Environmental Challenges
Topic overviewAir masses, the North Atlantic Drift and the UK’s extreme weatherA UK flood event: causes, effects and responsesHow people use, modify and change UK ecosystemsThe UK’s renewable and non-renewable energy sourcesChanging UK energy supply and demand, and sustainable useRenewables in the UK, and the future of fossil fuelsWhat shapes the UK’s energy choices
Geographical Skills
Number, area, scale and the relationships between units
- 3 things to know
- Component 03
Overview
Hectares and square metres, the area of a field and of an irregular shape such as a lake, the ground covered by an OS grid square, large and small-scale maps, three ways of giving scale, converting metric units, population density and per capita.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
A rectangular field measures 200 m by 50 m. What is its area?
Key term
How can the area of an irregular shape such as a lake be estimated from a grid map?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
How many square metres are there in one hectare?
Model answer
10 000 m², which is the area of a square measuring 100 m on each side.
- 2
A rectangular field measures 200 m by 50 m. What is its area?
Model answer
10 000 m², which is one hectare.
- 3
How can the area of an irregular shape such as a lake be estimated from a grid map?
Model answer
Count the squares it covers completely, add about half a square for each one it partly covers, and multiply by the area of a single square.
- 4
What area of ground does one grid square on an OS map cover?
Model answer
One square kilometre, because the grid lines are one kilometre apart on the ground.
- 5
What is the difference between a large-scale and a small-scale map?
Model answer
A large-scale map covers a small area in a great deal of detail, while a small-scale map covers a large area with far less.
- 6
In which three ways can the scale of a map be given?
Model answer
As a ratio such as 1:25 000, as a line or bar scale, and in words such as four centimetres to one kilometre.
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