What is life expectancy?

The average number of years that a person can expect to live, measured from birth.

What link is there between wealth and how long people live in the UK?

People in the richest areas live longer on average than people in the poorest, because of better diet, housing, working conditions and health care.

How is educational attainment measured, and how does it vary across the country?

By the qualifications people gain, from school-leaving grades to degrees; attainment is generally higher in wealthier areas and lower in deprived ones.

OCR GCSE Geography A J383

Ecosystems of the Planet

Topic overview Abiotic and biotic components, and how ecosystems interact The world’s biomes: where they are and what they are like Where the tropical rainforests are, and what they are like Where the coral reefs are, and what they are like Rainforest processes and nutrient cycling Two threatened ecosystems: a rainforest and a coral reef

Environmental Threats to Our Planet

Topic overview Climate change through the Quaternary, and since 1000AD The evidence for climate change Natural causes of climate change, and the enhanced greenhouse effect The consequences of climate change The world’s climatic regions and global atmospheric circulation How global circulation produces extreme weather Tropical storms: causes, distribution and frequency A drought caused by El Niño or La Niña

Fieldwork Skills

Topic overview Framing an enquiry question and choosing your methods Presenting, analysing and explaining fieldwork data Concluding, and evaluating the enquiry

Geographical Skills

Topic overview Constructing maps, and reading cross-sections and transects Coordinates, scale, distance and reading information from a map Gradient, contours, spot heights and GIS Choosing, constructing and presenting graphs and charts Reading and interpreting the main graph and chart types Number, area, scale and the relationships between units Proportion and ratio, and measures of central tendency and spread Percentages and percentiles, and designing data collection sheets Reading tables, and describing relationships in bivariate data Trend lines and lines of best fit Predicting from data, and spotting weak statistical presentation Drawing and justifying conclusions from data Interpreting images and written sources, and recognising bias Judging the limits of maps, graphs, statistics and images

Landscapes of the UK

Topic overview The UK’s upland, lowland and glaciated landscapes Geomorphic processes: weathering, mass movement, erosion, transport and deposition River landforms and how they form Coastal landforms and how they form Two UK landscape case studies: a river basin and a coastline

People of the Planet

Topic overview Defining and measuring development The global pattern of development: ACs, EDCs and LIDCs Why development is uneven, and the role of aid A developing or emerging country: its context and economy Rostow’s model and the country’s path of development Cities, megacities and world cities Why urban growth rates differ around the world Rapid urbanisation in poorer countries: causes and effects A major city in a poorer or emerging country

People of the UK

Topic overview The UK’s trade, media and cultural links with the world The UK’s geographical diversity and its inequalities Uneven development within the UK, and the effects of economic growth How the UK’s population structure has changed since 1900 Immigration into the UK in the twenty-first century Urban trends in the UK and their effects A major UK city: its people, challenges and ways of life

UK Environmental Challenges

Topic overview Air masses, the North Atlantic Drift and the UK’s extreme weather A UK flood event: causes, effects and responses How people use, modify and change UK ecosystems The UK’s renewable and non-renewable energy sources Changing UK energy supply and demand, and sustainable use Renewables in the UK, and the future of fossil fuels What shapes the UK’s energy choices

People of the UK

The UK’s geographical diversity and its inequalities

3 things to know
Component 01

Overview

Geographical inequality, regional differences in employment and average income, life expectancy and its link with wealth, educational attainment, ethnicity and where the UK's ethnic diversity is concentrated, and why broadband access varies and why it matters.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What is meant by geographical inequality within a country?

Key term

How do patterns of employment differ between the south east of England and much of the north?

Key term

What does average income reveal about the UK's regions?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is meant by geographical inequality within a country?
Model answer
Differences in wealth, health, jobs and opportunity between one region or neighbourhood and another.
2
How do patterns of employment differ between the south east of England and much of the north?
Model answer
The south east has more work in finance and technology, while parts of the north and Wales still carry the higher unemployment left by lost heavy industry.
3
What does average income reveal about the UK's regions?
Model answer
Earnings are highest in London and the south east and lower almost everywhere else, so wealth is spread very unevenly.
4
What is life expectancy?
Model answer
The average number of years that a person can expect to live, measured from birth.
5
What link is there between wealth and how long people live in the UK?
Model answer
People in the richest areas live longer on average than people in the poorest, because of better diet, housing, working conditions and health care.
6
How is educational attainment measured, and how does it vary across the country?
Model answer
By the qualifications people gain, from school-leaving grades to degrees; attainment is generally higher in wealthier areas and lower in deprived ones.

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Ecosystems of the Planet

Environmental Threats to Our Planet

Fieldwork Skills

Geographical Skills

Cram a whole paper in one sitting

Sort every topic into what you know and what you do not, then drill only the weak ones.

The trade winds drive warm surface water .

westwardseastwardsnorthwards

Blank Blitz makes facts automatic

Rapid timed gap-fills on the terms and numbers you need to recall without thinking.

AMore sunspots mean the Sun is giving out more energy.

BMore reaches the Earth and the climate warms.

CFewer sunspots mean a cooler climate.

Build It gets the exam shape right

Assemble a full-mark answer from its marking points, in the order an examiner wants them.

Obliquity means the angle of tilt of the Earth's axis.

TrueFalse

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Spot the fault in a statement. The traps are the mistakes students actually make.

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