Key term
OCR GCSE Geography A J383
Ecosystems of the Planet
Topic overviewAbiotic and biotic components, and how ecosystems interactThe world’s biomes: where they are and what they are likeWhere the tropical rainforests are, and what they are likeWhere the coral reefs are, and what they are likeRainforest processes and nutrient cyclingTwo threatened ecosystems: a rainforest and a coral reef
Environmental Threats to Our Planet
Topic overviewClimate change through the Quaternary, and since 1000ADThe evidence for climate changeNatural causes of climate change, and the enhanced greenhouse effectThe consequences of climate changeThe world’s climatic regions and global atmospheric circulationHow global circulation produces extreme weatherTropical storms: causes, distribution and frequencyA drought caused by El Niño or La Niña
Fieldwork Skills
Geographical Skills
Topic overviewConstructing maps, and reading cross-sections and transectsCoordinates, scale, distance and reading information from a mapGradient, contours, spot heights and GISChoosing, constructing and presenting graphs and chartsReading and interpreting the main graph and chart typesNumber, area, scale and the relationships between unitsProportion and ratio, and measures of central tendency and spreadPercentages and percentiles, and designing data collection sheetsReading tables, and describing relationships in bivariate dataTrend lines and lines of best fitPredicting from data, and spotting weak statistical presentationDrawing and justifying conclusions from dataInterpreting images and written sources, and recognising biasJudging the limits of maps, graphs, statistics and images
Landscapes of the UK
People of the Planet
Topic overviewDefining and measuring developmentThe global pattern of development: ACs, EDCs and LIDCsWhy development is uneven, and the role of aidA developing or emerging country: its context and economyRostow’s model and the country’s path of developmentCities, megacities and world citiesWhy urban growth rates differ around the worldRapid urbanisation in poorer countries: causes and effectsA major city in a poorer or emerging country
People of the UK
Topic overviewThe UK’s trade, media and cultural links with the worldThe UK’s geographical diversity and its inequalitiesUneven development within the UK, and the effects of economic growthHow the UK’s population structure has changed since 1900Immigration into the UK in the twenty-first centuryUrban trends in the UK and their effectsA major UK city: its people, challenges and ways of life
UK Environmental Challenges
Topic overviewAir masses, the North Atlantic Drift and the UK’s extreme weatherA UK flood event: causes, effects and responsesHow people use, modify and change UK ecosystemsThe UK’s renewable and non-renewable energy sourcesChanging UK energy supply and demand, and sustainable useRenewables in the UK, and the future of fossil fuelsWhat shapes the UK’s energy choices
Geographical Skills
Reading and interpreting the main graph and chart types
- 3 things to know
- Component 03
Overview
Divided and horizontal bar graphs, histograms, what line and scatter graphs reveal, dispersion graphs, angles and percentages on pie charts, climate graphs, proportional symbol maps, pictograms, cross-sections beside contour maps, population pyramids, radial graphs and rose charts.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
When is a horizontal bar graph easier to read than a vertical one?
Key term
What is a line graph best at revealing?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What does a divided bar graph show that a simple bar graph does not?
Model answer
The make-up of each total, because every bar is split into sections showing the share taken by each category.
- 2
When is a horizontal bar graph easier to read than a vertical one?
Model answer
When the categories have long names, because the labels fit comfortably along the side.
- 3
What makes a histogram different from a bar graph?
Model answer
Its bars touch, because it shows continuous data grouped into classes rather than separate categories.
- 4
What is a line graph best at revealing?
Model answer
The trend over time, including when a value rose fastest and when it levelled off or fell.
- 5
What does a scatter graph show that a bar graph cannot?
Model answer
Whether two variables are linked, because each point carries a value on both axes at once.
- 6
What is a dispersion graph, and what does it reveal?
Model answer
A graph on which every value in a set is marked against one vertical scale, showing how spread out the readings are and where they cluster.
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