What was the dash for gas?

The rapid building of gas-fired power stations during the 1990s, because they were cheaper, quicker to build and cleaner than coal-fired ones.

Why did British coal mining collapse during the 1980s and 1990s?

Imported coal and North Sea gas were cheaper, and government withdrew support and closed the pits.

What has happened to overall energy demand in Britain since the mid-2000s?

It has fallen, because heavy industry has shrunk and buildings, appliances and vehicles have all become more efficient.

Give two ways a government can steer where a country's energy comes from.

By granting or refusing planning permission for power stations and wind farms, and by taxing, subsidising or setting targets that make some sources cheaper than others.

OCR GCSE Geography A J383

Ecosystems of the Planet

Topic overview Abiotic and biotic components, and how ecosystems interact The world’s biomes: where they are and what they are like Where the tropical rainforests are, and what they are like Where the coral reefs are, and what they are like Rainforest processes and nutrient cycling Two threatened ecosystems: a rainforest and a coral reef

Environmental Threats to Our Planet

Topic overview Climate change through the Quaternary, and since 1000AD The evidence for climate change Natural causes of climate change, and the enhanced greenhouse effect The consequences of climate change The world’s climatic regions and global atmospheric circulation How global circulation produces extreme weather Tropical storms: causes, distribution and frequency A drought caused by El Niño or La Niña

Fieldwork Skills

Topic overview Framing an enquiry question and choosing your methods Presenting, analysing and explaining fieldwork data Concluding, and evaluating the enquiry

Geographical Skills

Topic overview Constructing maps, and reading cross-sections and transects Coordinates, scale, distance and reading information from a map Gradient, contours, spot heights and GIS Choosing, constructing and presenting graphs and charts Reading and interpreting the main graph and chart types Number, area, scale and the relationships between units Proportion and ratio, and measures of central tendency and spread Percentages and percentiles, and designing data collection sheets Reading tables, and describing relationships in bivariate data Trend lines and lines of best fit Predicting from data, and spotting weak statistical presentation Drawing and justifying conclusions from data Interpreting images and written sources, and recognising bias Judging the limits of maps, graphs, statistics and images

Landscapes of the UK

Topic overview The UK’s upland, lowland and glaciated landscapes Geomorphic processes: weathering, mass movement, erosion, transport and deposition River landforms and how they form Coastal landforms and how they form Two UK landscape case studies: a river basin and a coastline

People of the Planet

Topic overview Defining and measuring development The global pattern of development: ACs, EDCs and LIDCs Why development is uneven, and the role of aid A developing or emerging country: its context and economy Rostow’s model and the country’s path of development Cities, megacities and world cities Why urban growth rates differ around the world Rapid urbanisation in poorer countries: causes and effects A major city in a poorer or emerging country

People of the UK

Topic overview The UK’s trade, media and cultural links with the world The UK’s geographical diversity and its inequalities Uneven development within the UK, and the effects of economic growth How the UK’s population structure has changed since 1900 Immigration into the UK in the twenty-first century Urban trends in the UK and their effects A major UK city: its people, challenges and ways of life

UK Environmental Challenges

Topic overview Air masses, the North Atlantic Drift and the UK’s extreme weather A UK flood event: causes, effects and responses How people use, modify and change UK ecosystems The UK’s renewable and non-renewable energy sources Changing UK energy supply and demand, and sustainable use Renewables in the UK, and the future of fossil fuels What shapes the UK’s energy choices

UK Environmental Challenges

Changing UK energy supply and demand, and sustainable use

3 things to know
Component 01

Overview

Coal in the 1950s, North Sea oil and gas, the dash for gas and the collapse of coal mining, falling energy demand, how government and agreements such as the Paris Agreement steer supply, sustainable energy use by households, councils and the nation, smart meters, and why cutting demand beats building new generation.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

How did Britain's energy supply shift from coal to North Sea oil and gas between the 1950s and 1990s?

Key term

Which fuel dominated British energy supply in the 1950s?

Key term

How did North Sea discoveries change where Britain got its energy from?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
Which fuel dominated British energy supply in the 1950s?
Model answer
Coal, mined at home and burned for electricity, for industry and in household grates.
2
How did North Sea discoveries change where Britain got its energy from?
Model answer
Oil and gas found offshore from the 1960s onwards made the country largely self-sufficient and displaced coal from homes and power stations.
3
What was the dash for gas?
Model answer
The rapid building of gas-fired power stations during the 1990s, because they were cheaper, quicker to build and cleaner than coal-fired ones.
4
Why did British coal mining collapse during the 1980s and 1990s?
Model answer
Imported coal and North Sea gas were cheaper, and government withdrew support and closed the pits.
5
What has happened to overall energy demand in Britain since the mid-2000s?
Model answer
It has fallen, because heavy industry has shrunk and buildings, appliances and vehicles have all become more efficient.
6
Give two ways a government can steer where a country's energy comes from.
Model answer
By granting or refusing planning permission for power stations and wind farms, and by taxing, subsidising or setting targets that make some sources cheaper than others.

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Ecosystems of the Planet

Environmental Threats to Our Planet

Fieldwork Skills

Geographical Skills

Cram a whole paper in one sitting

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The trade winds drive warm surface water .

westwardseastwardsnorthwards

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AMore sunspots mean the Sun is giving out more energy.

BMore reaches the Earth and the climate warms.

CFewer sunspots mean a cooler climate.

Build It gets the exam shape right

Assemble a full-mark answer from its marking points, in the order an examiner wants them.

Obliquity means the angle of tilt of the Earth's axis.

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