Key term
OCR GCSE Geography A J383
Ecosystems of the Planet
Topic overviewAbiotic and biotic components, and how ecosystems interactThe world’s biomes: where they are and what they are likeWhere the tropical rainforests are, and what they are likeWhere the coral reefs are, and what they are likeRainforest processes and nutrient cyclingTwo threatened ecosystems: a rainforest and a coral reef
Environmental Threats to Our Planet
Topic overviewClimate change through the Quaternary, and since 1000ADThe evidence for climate changeNatural causes of climate change, and the enhanced greenhouse effectThe consequences of climate changeThe world’s climatic regions and global atmospheric circulationHow global circulation produces extreme weatherTropical storms: causes, distribution and frequencyA drought caused by El Niño or La Niña
Fieldwork Skills
Geographical Skills
Topic overviewConstructing maps, and reading cross-sections and transectsCoordinates, scale, distance and reading information from a mapGradient, contours, spot heights and GISChoosing, constructing and presenting graphs and chartsReading and interpreting the main graph and chart typesNumber, area, scale and the relationships between unitsProportion and ratio, and measures of central tendency and spreadPercentages and percentiles, and designing data collection sheetsReading tables, and describing relationships in bivariate dataTrend lines and lines of best fitPredicting from data, and spotting weak statistical presentationDrawing and justifying conclusions from dataInterpreting images and written sources, and recognising biasJudging the limits of maps, graphs, statistics and images
Landscapes of the UK
People of the Planet
Topic overviewDefining and measuring developmentThe global pattern of development: ACs, EDCs and LIDCsWhy development is uneven, and the role of aidA developing or emerging country: its context and economyRostow’s model and the country’s path of developmentCities, megacities and world citiesWhy urban growth rates differ around the worldRapid urbanisation in poorer countries: causes and effectsA major city in a poorer or emerging country
People of the UK
Topic overviewThe UK’s trade, media and cultural links with the worldThe UK’s geographical diversity and its inequalitiesUneven development within the UK, and the effects of economic growthHow the UK’s population structure has changed since 1900Immigration into the UK in the twenty-first centuryUrban trends in the UK and their effectsA major UK city: its people, challenges and ways of life
UK Environmental Challenges
Topic overviewAir masses, the North Atlantic Drift and the UK’s extreme weatherA UK flood event: causes, effects and responsesHow people use, modify and change UK ecosystemsThe UK’s renewable and non-renewable energy sourcesChanging UK energy supply and demand, and sustainable useRenewables in the UK, and the future of fossil fuelsWhat shapes the UK’s energy choices
People of the Planet
Cities, megacities and world cities
- 3 things to know
- Component 02
Overview
What makes a settlement a city, megacities against world cities, how megacity numbers have risen, where the earliest and today's megacities lie, and where growth will be fastest.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
What is a world city?
Key term
What is the difference between a megacity and a world city?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What makes a settlement a city?
Model answer
It is large and densely built up, offers a wide range of services, and its people work in industry and services rather than farming.
- 2
What is a megacity?
Model answer
An urban area with a population of more than ten million people.
- 3
What is a world city?
Model answer
A city whose influence over finance, trade, politics and culture reaches far beyond its own country.
- 4
What is the difference between a megacity and a world city?
Model answer
A megacity is defined by the size of its population, and a world city by the reach of its global influence.
- 5
Why is a very large city not automatically a world city?
Model answer
Global influence rests on financial, political and cultural power rather than on the number of residents.
- 6
How has the number of megacities changed since the middle of the twentieth century?
Model answer
It has risen steeply, from a small handful to many times that number.
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