How does exercise change the composition of exhaled air?

Exhaled air contains less oxygen and more carbon dioxide during exercise than at rest. The working muscles take more oxygen from the blood and produce more carbon dioxide.

What is tidal volume?

Tidal volume is the volume of air breathed in or out in one normal breath. Tidal volume is about 0.5 litres at rest.

What is vital capacity?

Vital capacity is the largest volume of air that can be breathed out after breathing in as deeply as possible.

What happens to tidal volume during exercise, and why?

Tidal volume increases during exercise because each breath becomes deeper. More oxygen is taken in for the muscles and more carbon dioxide is removed.

Edexcel GCSE Physical Education 1PE0

Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Topic overview Functions and classification of bones Bones of the skeleton and the vertebral column Joints and the movements they allow Ligaments, tendons and muscle types Voluntary muscles and antagonistic pairs Fast and slow twitch muscle fibres The heart, circulation and blood Blood vessels and vascular shunting Breathing, lung volumes and gas exchange Aerobic and anaerobic energy release Short-term effects of exercise

Movement Analysis

Topic overview First, second and third class levers Mechanical advantage and disadvantage Planes and axes of movement

Physical Training

Topic overview Health, fitness, exercise and performance Components of fitness The purpose and value of fitness testing Fitness tests and normative data Principles of training Training methods and fitness classes Long-term effects of training PARQ, sports injuries and RICE Performance-enhancing drugs Warm up and cool down

Use of Data

Topic overview Collecting and presenting data Interpreting data and normative comparisons

Health, Fitness and Wellbeing

Topic overview Physical, emotional and social health and wellbeing Personal exercise programmes and lifestyle choices A sedentary lifestyle and its consequences A balanced diet and the macronutrients Micronutrients, water, fibre and hydration Optimum weight and energy balance

Sport Psychology

Topic overview Classification of skills Practice structures Goal setting and SMART targets Types of guidance Types of feedback Mental preparation for performance

Socio-Cultural Influences

Topic overview Participation rates and personal factors Commercialisation and the media Advantages and disadvantages of commercialisation Sportsmanship, gamesmanship and deviance

Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Breathing, lung volumes and gas exchange

3 things to know
Component 1

Overview

Inhaled and exhaled air, tidal volume and vital capacity, spirometer traces, the respiratory structures, and gas exchange at the alveoli and muscles.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

Describe how a spirometer trace changes from rest to exercise.

Key term

What is the composition of inhaled air?

Key term

How does the composition of exhaled air at rest differ from inhaled air?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is the composition of inhaled air?
Model answer
Inhaled air is about 21% oxygen, 0.04% carbon dioxide and 79% nitrogen.
2
How does the composition of exhaled air at rest differ from inhaled air?
Model answer
Exhaled air is about 16% oxygen and about 4% carbon dioxide. The nitrogen stays at about 79%.
3
How does exercise change the composition of exhaled air?
Model answer
Exhaled air contains less oxygen and more carbon dioxide during exercise than at rest. The working muscles take more oxygen from the blood and produce more carbon dioxide.
4
What is tidal volume?
Model answer
Tidal volume is the volume of air breathed in or out in one normal breath. Tidal volume is about 0.5 litres at rest.
5
What is vital capacity?
Model answer
Vital capacity is the largest volume of air that can be breathed out after breathing in as deeply as possible.
6
What happens to tidal volume during exercise, and why?
Model answer
Tidal volume increases during exercise because each breath becomes deeper. More oxygen is taken in for the muscles and more carbon dioxide is removed.

See the rest and revise

Other ways to work this

The same content, four other ways.

What is inside Levo

Six ways to work the same material.

1Closed book

2Open book

3Closed book

The 3-step method, run for you

Answer cold, learn it, then prove it stuck. Levo tracks the jump between your first attempt and your last.

Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Movement Analysis

Physical Training

Use of Data

Cram a whole paper in one sitting

Sort every topic into what you know and what you do not, then drill only the weak ones.

Most veins carry blood.

deoxygenatedoxygenatedheated

Blank Blitz makes facts automatic

Rapid timed gap-fills on the terms and numbers you need to recall without thinking.

AToo much information can overload a beginner.

BComplex movements are hard to describe in words.

CLong explanations can also bore performers.

Build It gets the exam shape right

Assemble a full-mark answer from its marking points, in the order an examiner wants them.

Sprain means a stretched or torn ligament at a joint.

TrueFalse

Test It catches misconceptions

Spot the fault in a statement. The traps are the mistakes students actually make.

721941163128510

Brain Breaks between sessions

Short focus games to reset attention, so the next set lands better than the last.

Every question in Applied Anatomy and Physiology, on a schedule.

Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.

Start revising, £5 a month See how the method works

Or £46 a year, about £3.83 a month. Cancel anytime.