How does the cardiovascular system help control body temperature during exercise?

Blood carries heat from the working muscles to the skin. Vessels near the skin widen so that the heat can be lost to the air.

Name the four chambers of the heart.

The four chambers are the left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle and right ventricle.

How do the roles of the atria and the ventricles differ?

The atria are the upper chambers, which receive blood returning to the heart. The ventricles are the lower chambers, which pump blood out of the heart.

Why does the left ventricle have a thicker wall than the right ventricle?

The left ventricle must pump blood all around the body at high pressure. The right ventricle only pumps blood the short distance to the lungs.

Edexcel GCSE Physical Education 1PE0

Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Topic overview Functions and classification of bones Bones of the skeleton and the vertebral column Joints and the movements they allow Ligaments, tendons and muscle types Voluntary muscles and antagonistic pairs Fast and slow twitch muscle fibres The heart, circulation and blood Blood vessels and vascular shunting Breathing, lung volumes and gas exchange Aerobic and anaerobic energy release Short-term effects of exercise

Movement Analysis

Topic overview First, second and third class levers Mechanical advantage and disadvantage Planes and axes of movement

Physical Training

Topic overview Health, fitness, exercise and performance Components of fitness The purpose and value of fitness testing Fitness tests and normative data Principles of training Training methods and fitness classes Long-term effects of training PARQ, sports injuries and RICE Performance-enhancing drugs Warm up and cool down

Use of Data

Topic overview Collecting and presenting data Interpreting data and normative comparisons

Health, Fitness and Wellbeing

Topic overview Physical, emotional and social health and wellbeing Personal exercise programmes and lifestyle choices A sedentary lifestyle and its consequences A balanced diet and the macronutrients Micronutrients, water, fibre and hydration Optimum weight and energy balance

Sport Psychology

Topic overview Classification of skills Practice structures Goal setting and SMART targets Types of guidance Types of feedback Mental preparation for performance

Socio-Cultural Influences

Topic overview Participation rates and personal factors Commercialisation and the media Advantages and disadvantages of commercialisation Sportsmanship, gamesmanship and deviance

Applied Anatomy and Physiology

The heart, circulation and blood

3 things to know
Component 1

Overview

The functions of the cardiovascular system, the chambers, septum and valves of the heart, the route of blood through it, and red and white blood cells, platelets and plasma.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

Describe the route of blood through the heart, from the vena cava to the aorta.

Key term

What are the three functions of the cardiovascular system?

Key term

Why is the transport function of the cardiovascular system vital during exercise?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What are the three functions of the cardiovascular system?
Model answer
The cardiovascular system transports oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients. The cardiovascular system also clots open wounds and regulates body temperature.
2
Why is the transport function of the cardiovascular system vital during exercise?
Model answer
The working muscles need a constant supply of oxygen and glucose to release energy. The blood also carries away carbon dioxide produced by the muscles.
3
How does the cardiovascular system help control body temperature during exercise?
Model answer
Blood carries heat from the working muscles to the skin. Vessels near the skin widen so that the heat can be lost to the air.
4
Name the four chambers of the heart.
Model answer
The four chambers are the left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle and right ventricle.
5
How do the roles of the atria and the ventricles differ?
Model answer
The atria are the upper chambers, which receive blood returning to the heart. The ventricles are the lower chambers, which pump blood out of the heart.
6
Why does the left ventricle have a thicker wall than the right ventricle?
Model answer
The left ventricle must pump blood all around the body at high pressure. The right ventricle only pumps blood the short distance to the lungs.

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Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Movement Analysis

Physical Training

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Most veins carry blood.

deoxygenatedoxygenatedheated

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AToo much information can overload a beginner.

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Sprain means a stretched or torn ligament at a joint.

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