How does sex affect optimum weight?

Males usually have a higher optimum weight than females of the same height. Males tend to have more muscle and a larger frame.

How does height affect optimum weight?

Taller people have a larger body and so a higher optimum weight. A tall basketball player should weigh more than a short gymnast.

How does bone structure affect optimum weight?

A person with a large frame and dense bones weighs more. A large-framed person has a higher optimum weight than a small-framed person of the same height.

What is muscle girth and how does it affect optimum weight?

Muscle girth is the size of a muscle measured around its circumference. Greater muscle girth raises optimum weight because muscle is dense.

Edexcel GCSE Physical Education 1PE0

Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Topic overview Functions and classification of bones Bones of the skeleton and the vertebral column Joints and the movements they allow Ligaments, tendons and muscle types Voluntary muscles and antagonistic pairs Fast and slow twitch muscle fibres The heart, circulation and blood Blood vessels and vascular shunting Breathing, lung volumes and gas exchange Aerobic and anaerobic energy release Short-term effects of exercise

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Health, Fitness and Wellbeing

Topic overview Physical, emotional and social health and wellbeing Personal exercise programmes and lifestyle choices A sedentary lifestyle and its consequences A balanced diet and the macronutrients Micronutrients, water, fibre and hydration Optimum weight and energy balance

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Health, Fitness and Wellbeing

Optimum weight and energy balance

3 things to know
Component 2

Overview

Optimum weight and the effect of sex, height, bone structure and muscle girth, weight in different sports and weight categories, and energy balance with worked examples.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

A swimmer takes in 3,400 kcal a day and uses 3,900 kcal. What is the swimmer's daily energy balance and its likely effect?

Key term

What is optimum weight?

Key term

Which factors affect a person's optimum weight?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is optimum weight?
Model answer
Optimum weight is the ideal weight for a person's height, sex and build. For a performer it is the weight that allows the best performance in their sport.
2
Which factors affect a person's optimum weight?
Model answer
Optimum weight depends on sex, height, bone structure and muscle girth. Each factor changes how much a healthy person should weigh.
3
How does sex affect optimum weight?
Model answer
Males usually have a higher optimum weight than females of the same height. Males tend to have more muscle and a larger frame.
4
How does height affect optimum weight?
Model answer
Taller people have a larger body and so a higher optimum weight. A tall basketball player should weigh more than a short gymnast.
5
How does bone structure affect optimum weight?
Model answer
A person with a large frame and dense bones weighs more. A large-framed person has a higher optimum weight than a small-framed person of the same height.
6
What is muscle girth and how does it affect optimum weight?
Model answer
Muscle girth is the size of a muscle measured around its circumference. Greater muscle girth raises optimum weight because muscle is dense.

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