Why should a warm-up be specific to the activity that follows?

A specific warm-up prepares the muscles, joints and movements the activity will use. A swimmer's warm-up should include shoulder and arm movements, not only jogging.

What are the three phases of a warm-up?

The three phases are a pulse raiser, stretching and skill-based practice. Each phase should build gradually in intensity.

What is a pulse raiser, and why does it come first?

A pulse raiser is light, continuous exercise such as jogging or skipping. The pulse raiser warms the muscles before they are stretched.

Edexcel GCSE Physical Education 1PE0

Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Topic overview Functions and classification of bones Bones of the skeleton and the vertebral column Joints and the movements they allow Ligaments, tendons and muscle types Voluntary muscles and antagonistic pairs Fast and slow twitch muscle fibres The heart, circulation and blood Blood vessels and vascular shunting Breathing, lung volumes and gas exchange Aerobic and anaerobic energy release Short-term effects of exercise

Movement Analysis

Topic overview First, second and third class levers Mechanical advantage and disadvantage Planes and axes of movement

Physical Training

Topic overview Health, fitness, exercise and performance Components of fitness The purpose and value of fitness testing Fitness tests and normative data Principles of training Training methods and fitness classes Long-term effects of training PARQ, sports injuries and RICE Performance-enhancing drugs Warm up and cool down

Use of Data

Topic overview Collecting and presenting data Interpreting data and normative comparisons

Health, Fitness and Wellbeing

Topic overview Physical, emotional and social health and wellbeing Personal exercise programmes and lifestyle choices A sedentary lifestyle and its consequences A balanced diet and the macronutrients Micronutrients, water, fibre and hydration Optimum weight and energy balance

Sport Psychology

Topic overview Classification of skills Practice structures Goal setting and SMART targets Types of guidance Types of feedback Mental preparation for performance

Socio-Cultural Influences

Topic overview Participation rates and personal factors Commercialisation and the media Advantages and disadvantages of commercialisation Sportsmanship, gamesmanship and deviance

Physical Training

Warm up and cool down

3 things to know
Component 1

Overview

The purpose and three phases of a warm-up, static and dynamic stretching, warm-ups for particular sports, and what a cool down includes and why.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What is the purpose of a warm-up?

Key term

How does a warm-up affect the muscles?

Key term

How does a warm-up prepare the heart and lungs for exercise?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is the purpose of a warm-up?
Model answer
A warm-up prepares the body and mind for activity. A warm-up also reduces the risk of injury.
2
How does a warm-up affect the muscles?
Model answer
A warm-up raises muscle temperature, which makes the muscles more elastic. Warm muscles contract faster and are less likely to tear.
3
How does a warm-up prepare the heart and lungs for exercise?
Model answer
A warm-up gradually raises the heart rate and breathing rate. More blood and oxygen then reach the working muscles.
4
Why should a warm-up be specific to the activity that follows?
Model answer
A specific warm-up prepares the muscles, joints and movements the activity will use. A swimmer's warm-up should include shoulder and arm movements, not only jogging.
5
What are the three phases of a warm-up?
Model answer
The three phases are a pulse raiser, stretching and skill-based practice. Each phase should build gradually in intensity.
6
What is a pulse raiser, and why does it come first?
Model answer
A pulse raiser is light, continuous exercise such as jogging or skipping. The pulse raiser warms the muscles before they are stretched.

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Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Movement Analysis

Physical Training

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