What are micronutrients?

Micronutrients are the vitamins and minerals the body needs in small amounts. Micronutrients provide no energy but keep the body working properly.

Why do performers need vitamins?

Vitamins help the body release energy from food and keep the immune system healthy. A healthy immune system means fewer training days lost to illness.

What is the role of vitamin C?

Vitamin C helps repair body tissues and supports the immune system. Vitamin C is found in citrus fruits and green vegetables.

What is the role of vitamin D for a performer?

Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium. Strong bones are then less likely to fracture.

What are minerals and why does a performer need them?

Minerals are inorganic substances such as calcium and iron. Minerals help build bones and teeth and help carry oxygen in the blood.

Edexcel GCSE Physical Education 1PE0

Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Topic overview Functions and classification of bones Bones of the skeleton and the vertebral column Joints and the movements they allow Ligaments, tendons and muscle types Voluntary muscles and antagonistic pairs Fast and slow twitch muscle fibres The heart, circulation and blood Blood vessels and vascular shunting Breathing, lung volumes and gas exchange Aerobic and anaerobic energy release Short-term effects of exercise

Movement Analysis

Topic overview First, second and third class levers Mechanical advantage and disadvantage Planes and axes of movement

Physical Training

Topic overview Health, fitness, exercise and performance Components of fitness The purpose and value of fitness testing Fitness tests and normative data Principles of training Training methods and fitness classes Long-term effects of training PARQ, sports injuries and RICE Performance-enhancing drugs Warm up and cool down

Use of Data

Topic overview Collecting and presenting data Interpreting data and normative comparisons

Health, Fitness and Wellbeing

Topic overview Physical, emotional and social health and wellbeing Personal exercise programmes and lifestyle choices A sedentary lifestyle and its consequences A balanced diet and the macronutrients Micronutrients, water, fibre and hydration Optimum weight and energy balance

Sport Psychology

Topic overview Classification of skills Practice structures Goal setting and SMART targets Types of guidance Types of feedback Mental preparation for performance

Socio-Cultural Influences

Topic overview Participation rates and personal factors Commercialisation and the media Advantages and disadvantages of commercialisation Sportsmanship, gamesmanship and deviance

Health, Fitness and Wellbeing

Micronutrients, water, fibre and hydration

3 things to know
Component 2

Overview

Vitamins and minerals including iron and calcium, fibre, why water matters, the effects of dehydration, and how performers stay hydrated.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

Why is iron important for an endurance athlete?

Key term

What are the effects of dehydration on a performer?

Numbers

How can a performer maintain correct hydration during physical activity?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What are micronutrients?
Model answer
Micronutrients are the vitamins and minerals the body needs in small amounts. Micronutrients provide no energy but keep the body working properly.
2
Why do performers need vitamins?
Model answer
Vitamins help the body release energy from food and keep the immune system healthy. A healthy immune system means fewer training days lost to illness.
3
What is the role of vitamin C?
Model answer
Vitamin C helps repair body tissues and supports the immune system. Vitamin C is found in citrus fruits and green vegetables.
4
What is the role of vitamin D for a performer?
Model answer
Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium. Strong bones are then less likely to fracture.
5
What are minerals and why does a performer need them?
Model answer
Minerals are inorganic substances such as calcium and iron. Minerals help build bones and teeth and help carry oxygen in the blood.
6
Why is iron important for an endurance athlete?
Model answer
Iron is needed to make haemoglobin in red blood cells. Haemoglobin carries oxygen to the working muscles. A lack of iron causes anaemia and early fatigue.

See the rest and revise

Other ways to work this

The same content, four other ways.

What is inside Levo

Six ways to work the same material.

1Closed book

2Open book

3Closed book

The 3-step method, run for you

Answer cold, learn it, then prove it stuck. Levo tracks the jump between your first attempt and your last.

Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Movement Analysis

Physical Training

Use of Data

Cram a whole paper in one sitting

Sort every topic into what you know and what you do not, then drill only the weak ones.

Most veins carry blood.

deoxygenatedoxygenatedheated

Blank Blitz makes facts automatic

Rapid timed gap-fills on the terms and numbers you need to recall without thinking.

AToo much information can overload a beginner.

BComplex movements are hard to describe in words.

CLong explanations can also bore performers.

Build It gets the exam shape right

Assemble a full-mark answer from its marking points, in the order an examiner wants them.

Sprain means a stretched or torn ligament at a joint.

TrueFalse

Test It catches misconceptions

Spot the fault in a statement. The traps are the mistakes students actually make.

721941163128510

Brain Breaks between sessions

Short focus games to reset attention, so the next set lands better than the last.

Every question in Health, Fitness and Wellbeing, on a schedule.

Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.

Start revising, £5 a month See how the method works

Or £46 a year, about £3.83 a month. Cancel anytime.