What is agenda setting in media?

The process by which media organisations influence what topics audiences perceive as important by selecting which issues to cover prominently and frequently.

How does agenda setting differ from directly controlling audience opinions?

Agenda setting does not tell audiences what to think, but rather what to think about.

Define framing in the context of media representation.

Framing refers to how media presents information through particular angles, language choices, and contextual emphasis that shapes audience interpretation of events.

How does framing influence the way audiences understand issues?

Framing highlights certain aspects of an issue while downplaying or omitting others, thereby shaping audience interpretation.

What is myth making in media?

The construction and reinforcement of shared cultural narratives, beliefs and ideologies through repeated representation.

How do media myths affect audience perceptions of social values and arrangements?

Media myths naturalise particular values and social arrangements, making them appear inevitable or common sense rather than constructed.

AQA A-Level Media Studies 7572

Media Language

Topic overview Codes and conventions Constructing meaning through media language Genre, hybridity and intertextuality Viewpoints, ideology and audience interpretation Semiotics: signs and their types Semiotics: paradigm, syntagm and anchorage Barthes: denotation, connotation and myth Narratology: narrative codes and diegesis Todorov: equilibrium, disruption and new equilibrium Genre theory as summarised by Neale Structuralism: binary oppositions and mythemes Structuralism: ideological reading and deconstruction Postmodernism: pastiche, bricolage and implosion Baudrillard: simulacra, simulation and hyperreality

Media Representation

Topic overview Constructing representations Why producers make the representational choices they do Social and cultural context in representation Stereotypes: positive and negative use Under-representation and misrepresentation Representation, realism and the values it carries Industry contexts and representational choice Discourse, ideology and audience positioning Theories of representation: stereotypes and countertypes Theories of representation: misrepresentation and selective representation Theories of representation: ideology, hegemony and constructed reality Hall on representation: encoding and decoding Theories of identity as summarised by Gauntlett Feminist theories: the male gaze and patriarchy Feminist theories: van Zoonen and hooks Theories of gender performativity Theories around ethnicity and postcolonial theory

Media Industries

Topic overview Production, distribution and circulation Ownership and control Economics and funding of media industries Marketing and maintaining audiences Regulation of media in the UK Digital convergence and the individual producer Regulation in global production and circulation Curran and Seaton: regulation, deregulation and the free market Curran and Seaton: concentration, conglomerates and public service broadcasting Curran and Seaton: neo-liberalism, surveillance and privacy Curran and Seaton: the central argument Livingstone and Lunt: the public sphere and governance Livingstone and Lunt: media literacy Livingstone and Lunt: power, value and globalisation Cultural industries as summarised by Hesmondhalgh

Media Audiences

Topic overview Grouping and categorising audiences Targeting, attracting, reaching and addressing audiences Media technologies and patterns of consumption Mass and specialised audiences Niche and fan audiences Audience interpretation and its circumstances Media effects: uses and gratifications Media effects: hypodermic needle and moral panic Media effects: media literacy Bandura: social learning and imitation Cultivation theory: socialisation and the bardic function Gerbner: cultivation differential, mainstreaming and resonance Reception theory: agenda setting, framing and myth making Hall on reception: the three reading positions Fandom 'End of audience' theories

Contexts of the Media

Topic overview Social context Cultural context Economic context Political context Historical context Analysing media products in context

Media Forms and Products

Topic overview Advertising and marketing Music video Radio Newspapers Film as an industry Television Magazines Online, social and participatory media Video games

The Cross-Media Production and Assessment

Topic overview Close study products and how they are used The NEA brief and its requirements The Statement of Intent Applying the theoretical framework in production Producing across platforms for a specified audience Extended response and synopticity

Media Audiences

Reception theory: agenda setting, framing and myth making

2 things to know
Media One and Media Two

Overview

Agenda setting, framing, myth making, and how conditions of consumption shape meaning.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What is agenda setting?

Key term

What is framing?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is agenda setting in media?
Model answer
The process by which media organisations influence what topics audiences perceive as important by selecting which issues to cover prominently and frequently.
2
How does agenda setting differ from directly controlling audience opinions?
Model answer
Agenda setting does not tell audiences what to think, but rather what to think about.
3
Define framing in the context of media representation.
Model answer
Framing refers to how media presents information through particular angles, language choices, and contextual emphasis that shapes audience interpretation of events.
4
How does framing influence the way audiences understand issues?
Model answer
Framing highlights certain aspects of an issue while downplaying or omitting others, thereby shaping audience interpretation.
5
What is myth making in media?
Model answer
The construction and reinforcement of shared cultural narratives, beliefs and ideologies through repeated representation.
6
How do media myths affect audience perceptions of social values and arrangements?
Model answer
Media myths naturalise particular values and social arrangements, making them appear inevitable or common sense rather than constructed.

See the rest and revise

Other ways to work this

The same content, four other ways.

What is inside Levo

Six ways to work the same material.

1Closed book

2Open book

3Closed book

The 3-step method, run for you

Answer cold, learn it, then prove it stuck. Levo tracks the jump between your first attempt and your last.

Media Language

Media Representation

Media Industries

Media Audiences

Cram a whole paper in one sitting

Sort every topic into what you know and what you do not, then drill only the weak ones.

Postmodernism holds that the hierarchy has .

collapsedstrengthenedwidened

Blank Blitz makes facts automatic

Rapid timed gap-fills on the terms and numbers you need to recall without thinking.

AAccessing media forms the first component.

BUnderstanding media content forms the second.

CCritically evaluating content forms the third.

Build It gets the exam shape right

Assemble a full-mark answer from its marking points, in the order an examiner wants them.

Denotation means the literal, common-sense meaning of a sign.

TrueFalse

Test It catches misconceptions

Spot the fault in a statement. The traps are the mistakes students actually make.

721941163128510

Brain Breaks between sessions

Short focus games to reset attention, so the next set lands better than the last.

Every question in Media Audiences, on a schedule.

Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.

Start revising, £5 a month See how the method works

Or £46 a year, about £3.83 a month. Cancel anytime.