What is the process of selection in media representation?

Selection is the process by which media producers choose which elements to include in a media text from all available options.

What does combination mean in the construction of media representations?

Combination refers to how producers arrange and organise selected elements together to create meaning within a media text.

What role does exclusion play in constructing media representations?

Exclusion involves deliberately leaving out certain elements, perspectives, or information, which shapes meaning by determining what audiences do not see or hear.

Define self-representation in media contexts.

Self-representation refers to how individuals present and construct their own identity through media.

What does social identity mean in the context of media representation?

Social identity in media representation refers to how membership of social groups is portrayed and constructed.

What is meant by the term 're-presentation' in media studies?

Re-presentation is the process by which media construct versions of reality rather than simply reflecting it.

AQA A-Level Media Studies 7572

Media Language

Topic overview Codes and conventions Constructing meaning through media language Genre, hybridity and intertextuality Viewpoints, ideology and audience interpretation Semiotics: signs and their types Semiotics: paradigm, syntagm and anchorage Barthes: denotation, connotation and myth Narratology: narrative codes and diegesis Todorov: equilibrium, disruption and new equilibrium Genre theory as summarised by Neale Structuralism: binary oppositions and mythemes Structuralism: ideological reading and deconstruction Postmodernism: pastiche, bricolage and implosion Baudrillard: simulacra, simulation and hyperreality

Media Representation

Topic overview Constructing representations Why producers make the representational choices they do Social and cultural context in representation Stereotypes: positive and negative use Under-representation and misrepresentation Representation, realism and the values it carries Industry contexts and representational choice Discourse, ideology and audience positioning Theories of representation: stereotypes and countertypes Theories of representation: misrepresentation and selective representation Theories of representation: ideology, hegemony and constructed reality Hall on representation: encoding and decoding Theories of identity as summarised by Gauntlett Feminist theories: the male gaze and patriarchy Feminist theories: van Zoonen and hooks Theories of gender performativity Theories around ethnicity and postcolonial theory

Media Industries

Topic overview Production, distribution and circulation Ownership and control Economics and funding of media industries Marketing and maintaining audiences Regulation of media in the UK Digital convergence and the individual producer Regulation in global production and circulation Curran and Seaton: regulation, deregulation and the free market Curran and Seaton: concentration, conglomerates and public service broadcasting Curran and Seaton: neo-liberalism, surveillance and privacy Curran and Seaton: the central argument Livingstone and Lunt: the public sphere and governance Livingstone and Lunt: media literacy Livingstone and Lunt: power, value and globalisation Cultural industries as summarised by Hesmondhalgh

Media Audiences

Topic overview Grouping and categorising audiences Targeting, attracting, reaching and addressing audiences Media technologies and patterns of consumption Mass and specialised audiences Niche and fan audiences Audience interpretation and its circumstances Media effects: uses and gratifications Media effects: hypodermic needle and moral panic Media effects: media literacy Bandura: social learning and imitation Cultivation theory: socialisation and the bardic function Gerbner: cultivation differential, mainstreaming and resonance Reception theory: agenda setting, framing and myth making Hall on reception: the three reading positions Fandom 'End of audience' theories

Contexts of the Media

Topic overview Social context Cultural context Economic context Political context Historical context Analysing media products in context

Media Forms and Products

Topic overview Advertising and marketing Music video Radio Newspapers Film as an industry Television Magazines Online, social and participatory media Video games

The Cross-Media Production and Assessment

Topic overview Close study products and how they are used The NEA brief and its requirements The Statement of Intent Applying the theoretical framework in production Producing across platforms for a specified audience Extended response and synopticity

Media Representation

Constructing representations

4 things to know
Media One and Media Two

Overview

Selection, combination and exclusion, re-presentation and mediation, and self-representation on social platforms.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Process

How are media representations constructed?

Key term

What does re-presentation mean in media studies?

Key term

What is mediation?

Key term

What is self-representation?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is the process of selection in media representation?
Model answer
Selection is the process by which media producers choose which elements to include in a media text from all available options.
2
What does combination mean in the construction of media representations?
Model answer
Combination refers to how producers arrange and organise selected elements together to create meaning within a media text.
3
What role does exclusion play in constructing media representations?
Model answer
Exclusion involves deliberately leaving out certain elements, perspectives, or information, which shapes meaning by determining what audiences do not see or hear.
4
Define self-representation in media contexts.
Model answer
Self-representation refers to how individuals present and construct their own identity through media.
5
What does social identity mean in the context of media representation?
Model answer
Social identity in media representation refers to how membership of social groups is portrayed and constructed.
6
What is meant by the term 're-presentation' in media studies?
Model answer
Re-presentation is the process by which media construct versions of reality rather than simply reflecting it.

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Media Language

Media Representation

Media Industries

Media Audiences

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Postmodernism holds that the hierarchy has .

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AAccessing media forms the first component.

BUnderstanding media content forms the second.

CCritically evaluating content forms the third.

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Assemble a full-mark answer from its marking points, in the order an examiner wants them.

Denotation means the literal, common-sense meaning of a sign.

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