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Emerging Technologies

Smart materials and smart systems

  • 3 things to know
  • A2 1

Overview

Smart materials and smart glass, smart systems in transport, waste management, engineering and buildings, smart grids and smart meters, their environmental and economic benefits and drawbacks, and their role in renewable generation.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What is a smart system, and how are smart systems used in transport?

Key term

What is a smart material?

Key term

What is smart glass?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What is a smart material?

    Model answer

    A smart material is one whose properties change in response to a stimulus such as heat, light, electricity or stress. The change is reversible.

  2. 2

    What is smart glass?

    Model answer

    Smart glass changes how much light and heat it lets through when a voltage, light or heat is applied. Smart glass can switch from clear to tinted.

  3. 3

    How can smart glass support environmental management in buildings?

    Model answer

    Smart glass can reduce solar heat gain in summer, cutting the need for air conditioning. Less artificial lighting and cooling lowers energy use and emissions.

  4. 4

    Give two further examples of smart materials.

    Model answer

    Thermochromic pigments change colour with temperature. Shape memory alloys return to a set shape when heated.

  5. 5

    What is a smart system?

    Model answer

    A smart system uses sensors, data processing and automatic control to respond to conditions without human input. A smart system can learn from data to improve its performance.

  6. 6

    How are smart systems used in transportation?

    Model answer

    Smart traffic lights adjust their timing to real-time traffic flow. Real-time passenger information and smart ticketing make public transport easier to use.

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