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Land Contamination and Remediation

Phytoremediation of metals and other elements

  • 3 things to know
  • A2 1

Overview

Phytoextraction, phytostabilisation, rhizofiltration and phytovolatilisation, hyperaccumulators, copper, cadmium, rubidium, strontium, arsenic and antimony, the Chernobyl sunflowers, disposing of plant material and depth limits.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Define phytoremediation.

Key term

What is phytoextraction?

Key term

What is phytostabilisation?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Define phytoremediation.

    Model answer

    Phytoremediation is the use of plants to remove, break down or contain pollutants in soil or water. Plants take up contaminants through their roots.

  2. 2

    What is phytoextraction?

    Model answer

    Phytoextraction uses plants that absorb metals through their roots and move them into their shoots. The shoots are harvested, removing the metal from the site.

  3. 3

    What is phytostabilisation?

    Model answer

    Phytostabilisation uses plants to hold contaminants in place in the soil. Roots bind or immobilise metals, and plant cover stops erosion and dust.

  4. 4

    What is rhizofiltration?

    Model answer

    Rhizofiltration uses plant roots to absorb or precipitate contaminants from water. The roots are then harvested and disposed of.

  5. 5

    What is phytovolatilisation?

    Model answer

    Phytovolatilisation is the uptake of a contaminant by a plant and its release from the leaves as a gas. Selenium and mercury can be removed this way.

  6. 6

    What is a hyperaccumulator?

    Model answer

    A hyperaccumulator is a plant that concentrates a metal in its shoots at least a hundred times more than ordinary plants. The plant tolerates concentrations that would poison others.

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