Evaluation
CCEA A-Level Physics 1210
Physical Quantities, Scalars and Vectors
Moments and Equilibrium
Linear Motion and Dynamics
Newton's Laws of Motion
Linear Momentum and Impulse
Work, Energy and Power
Current, Charge and Potential Difference
Resistance and Resistivity
Topic overviewResistance and Ohm's lawOhmic and non-ohmic behaviourResistors in series and in parallelInvestigating current, voltage and resistance in series and parallel circuitsElectrical power and energy in resistive circuitsResistivity and the equation R = ρl/AMeasuring the resistivity of a metalCurrent–voltage characteristics of a conductor, a lamp and a diodeResistance, temperature and superconductivity
Internal Resistance and Potential Dividers
Topic overviewInternal resistance and terminal potential differenceConsequences of internal resistance for external circuitsMeasuring electromotive force and internal resistanceThe potential divider and variable outputPotential dividers in lighting and heating control circuitsLoaded potential dividers and output voltage calculations
Waves
Refraction
Lenses
Superposition, Interference and Diffraction
Topic overviewSuperposition of wavesStanding waves, nodes and antinodesStanding waves on stretched stringsStanding waves in a pipe closed at one endMeasuring the speed of sound with a resonance tubeConditions for observable interferencePath difference and phase differenceYoung's double slitDiffraction at a single slitThe diffraction grating
Quantum Physics
Wave-Particle Duality
Astronomy
Practical Skills and Data Analysis
Topic overviewChoosing and using measuring instrumentsPrecision, accuracy and recording measurementsUsing the cathode ray oscilloscope to measure voltage and frequencyTables, graphs and presenting resultsLinearising a relationship and using the gradientAbsolute and percentage uncertaintyCombining uncertainties and uncertainty on a graphRandom and systematic error, reliability and refining an experiment
Deformation of Solids
Thermal Physics
Topic overviewBoyle's law, Charles's law and the pressure lawThe ideal gas equation pV = nRTThe Avogadro constant, the mole and pV = NkTInternal energy and the distribution of molecular energyThe kinetic theory equation pV = ⅓Nm⟨c²⟩Average molecular kinetic energy and temperatureAbsolute zero and the kelvin scaleSpecific heat capacity and the electrical method
Uniform Circular Motion
Simple Harmonic Motion
Topic overviewDefining simple harmonic motion and a = −ω²xDisplacement, velocity and acceleration: x = A cos ωtThe simple pendulum and T = 2π√(l/g)The loaded spiral spring and T = 2π√(m/k)SHM graphs and finding velocity from a gradientFree vibrations, forced vibrations and resonanceDamping: light, critical and over-damping
The Nucleus and Radioactive Decay
Topic overviewAlpha-particle scattering and the nuclear atomNuclear radius and nucleon numberThe density of nuclear matterAlpha, beta and gamma radiation: nature, penetration and rangeNuclear equations and changes in nucleon and proton numberThe random and exponential nature of radioactive decayActivity, the decay constant and A = −λNExponential decay calculations with A = A₀e^(−λt)Half-life and measuring it
Nuclear Energy, Fission and Fusion
Gravitational Fields
Electric Fields
Capacitors
Magnetic Fields
Charged Particles and Accelerators
Electric Fields
Comparing gravitational and electric fields
- 3 things to know
- Unit A2 2
Overview
Recall questions on the four similarities — the inverse square law, the algebraic form of the two force laws, field strength as force per unit source, and representation by field lines — and the four differences: attraction only against attraction or repulsion, relative strength, shielding, and the effect of the medium.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
What is the single most important difference between a gravitational and an electric field?
Key term
Which can be shielded, a gravitational field or an electric field?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
In what way are the distance dependences of the gravitational and electric forces alike?
Model answer
Both obey an inverse square law, so the force falls as one over the square of the separation of the two point objects.
- 2
Compare the algebraic form of Newton's law of gravitation with that of Coulomb's law.
Model answer
Both give the force as a constant multiplied by the product of the two source quantities divided by the square of the separation.
- 3
How is field strength defined in each of the two kinds of field?
Model answer
In both cases field strength is defined as force per unit of the source quantity, per unit mass for gravity and per unit charge for electricity.
- 4
How are the two kinds of field alike in the way they are represented on a diagram?
Model answer
Both are represented by field lines whose direction gives the direction of the force and whose spacing shows the strength of the field.
- 5
What is the single most important difference between a gravitational and an electric field?
Model answer
A gravitational field is always attractive, whereas an electric field can be attractive or repulsive because charge has two signs and mass only one.
- 6
How do the strengths of the gravitational and electric interactions between two particles compare?
Model answer
The electric force between two charged particles is vastly stronger than the gravitational force between them, by a factor of around 10³⁹ for a proton and an electron.
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