Numbers
CCEA A-Level Physics 1210
Physical Quantities, Scalars and Vectors
Moments and Equilibrium
Linear Motion and Dynamics
Newton's Laws of Motion
Linear Momentum and Impulse
Work, Energy and Power
Current, Charge and Potential Difference
Resistance and Resistivity
Topic overviewResistance and Ohm's lawOhmic and non-ohmic behaviourResistors in series and in parallelInvestigating current, voltage and resistance in series and parallel circuitsElectrical power and energy in resistive circuitsResistivity and the equation R = ρl/AMeasuring the resistivity of a metalCurrent–voltage characteristics of a conductor, a lamp and a diodeResistance, temperature and superconductivity
Internal Resistance and Potential Dividers
Topic overviewInternal resistance and terminal potential differenceConsequences of internal resistance for external circuitsMeasuring electromotive force and internal resistanceThe potential divider and variable outputPotential dividers in lighting and heating control circuitsLoaded potential dividers and output voltage calculations
Waves
Refraction
Lenses
Superposition, Interference and Diffraction
Topic overviewSuperposition of wavesStanding waves, nodes and antinodesStanding waves on stretched stringsStanding waves in a pipe closed at one endMeasuring the speed of sound with a resonance tubeConditions for observable interferencePath difference and phase differenceYoung's double slitDiffraction at a single slitThe diffraction grating
Quantum Physics
Wave-Particle Duality
Astronomy
Practical Skills and Data Analysis
Topic overviewChoosing and using measuring instrumentsPrecision, accuracy and recording measurementsUsing the cathode ray oscilloscope to measure voltage and frequencyTables, graphs and presenting resultsLinearising a relationship and using the gradientAbsolute and percentage uncertaintyCombining uncertainties and uncertainty on a graphRandom and systematic error, reliability and refining an experiment
Deformation of Solids
Thermal Physics
Topic overviewBoyle's law, Charles's law and the pressure lawThe ideal gas equation pV = nRTThe Avogadro constant, the mole and pV = NkTInternal energy and the distribution of molecular energyThe kinetic theory equation pV = ⅓Nm⟨c²⟩Average molecular kinetic energy and temperatureAbsolute zero and the kelvin scaleSpecific heat capacity and the electrical method
Uniform Circular Motion
Simple Harmonic Motion
Topic overviewDefining simple harmonic motion and a = −ω²xDisplacement, velocity and acceleration: x = A cos ωtThe simple pendulum and T = 2π√(l/g)The loaded spiral spring and T = 2π√(m/k)SHM graphs and finding velocity from a gradientFree vibrations, forced vibrations and resonanceDamping: light, critical and over-damping
The Nucleus and Radioactive Decay
Topic overviewAlpha-particle scattering and the nuclear atomNuclear radius and nucleon numberThe density of nuclear matterAlpha, beta and gamma radiation: nature, penetration and rangeNuclear equations and changes in nucleon and proton numberThe random and exponential nature of radioactive decayActivity, the decay constant and A = −λNExponential decay calculations with A = A₀e^(−λt)Half-life and measuring it
Nuclear Energy, Fission and Fusion
Gravitational Fields
Electric Fields
Capacitors
Magnetic Fields
Charged Particles and Accelerators
Superposition, Interference and Diffraction
Standing waves, nodes and antinodes
- 3 things to know
- Unit AS 2
Overview
Standing wave and distance between a node and the antinode next to it.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Numbers
A string 1.0 m long fixed at both ends vibrates with three nodes and two antinodes. Calculate the wavelength.
Key term
State the conditions required for a standing wave to be produced.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is a standing wave?
Model answer
A standing wave is a pattern of vibration produced when two progressive waves of the same frequency and similar amplitude travel through each other in opposite directions, in which the positions of maximum and zero amplitude stay fixed.
- 2
State the conditions required for a standing wave to be produced.
Model answer
Two progressive waves of the same type, the same frequency and similar amplitude must travel in opposite directions through the same region, and in practice this is usually achieved by reflecting a wave back along its own path.
- 3
Define a node.
Model answer
A node is a point on a standing wave where the two waves always arrive in antiphase, so the displacement is zero at all times.
- 4
Define an antinode.
Model answer
An antinode is a point on a standing wave where the two waves always arrive in phase, so the amplitude of the oscillation there is a maximum.
- 5
What is the distance between two adjacent nodes on a standing wave?
Model answer
It is half a wavelength of the progressive waves that formed the standing wave.
- 6
What is the distance between a node and the antinode next to it?
Model answer
It is a quarter of a wavelength.
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