Key term
Eduqas A-Level Biology A400QS
Biological Molecules
Cell Structure and Organisation
Cell Membranes and Transport
Enzymes
Nucleic Acids and Their Functions
Importance of ATP
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Microbiology
Population Size and Ecosystems
Topic overviewPopulation growth and its measurementThe population growth curve and carrying capacityDensity dependent and density independent factorsSampling abundance and distributionEcosystems, habitats and communitiesEnergy transfer and pyramids of biomassSuccessionDecomposition and the carbon cycleThe nitrogen cycle and human interventionEutrophication and the effects of drainage
Human Impact on the Environment
Classification and Biodiversity
Topic overviewThe need for classification and the taxonomic hierarchyThe three domain and five kingdom systemsCharacteristic features of the five kingdomsAssessing relatedness by physical features and biochemistryThe species concept and the binomial systemBiodiversity, adaptation and natural selectionMeasuring biodiversity in a habitatGenetic and molecular measures of biodiversity
Mitosis and Meiosis
Sexual Reproduction in Humans
Sexual Reproduction in Plants
Inheritance
Variation and Evolution
Application of Reproduction and Genetics
Topic overviewThe Human Genome Project, other sequenced genomes and genomics in healthcareScreening embryos, stem cells and the ethical issuesGenetic fingerprinting, PCR and electrophoresis in forensic workRecombinant DNA and the production of human insulinGenetically modified crops and gene therapy
Adaptations for Gas Exchange
Topic overviewSurface area to volume ratio and gas exchange in small organismsSpecialised respiratory surfaces and the need for ventilationGills and counter current flow in bony fishThe human breathing system and its histologyVentilation and gas exchange in humansThe insect tracheal systemThe angiosperm leaf, stomata and gas exchange
Adaptations for Transport
Topic overviewVascular systems compared across animal groupsThe mammalian heart and blood vesselsThe cardiac cycle and its controlBlood, haemoglobin and dissociation curvesThe Bohr effect, chloride shift and tissue fluidThe root and the uptake of waterThe endodermis and the entry to the xylemXylem, transpiration and cohesion-tensionThe potometer and xerophytes and hydrophytesPhloem and translocation
Adaptations for Nutrition
Homeostasis and the Kidney
The Nervous System
Immunology and Disease: Disease and Its TransmissionImmunology
Immunology and Disease: AntibioticsImmunology
Immunology and Disease: The Immune ResponseImmunology
Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: Skeletal TissuesMusculoskeletal
Topic overviewCartilage and its three typesThe composition and functions of compact boneBone remodelling and the Haversian systemRickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis and brittle bone diseaseThe structure of skeletal muscleThe sliding filament theoryFast and slow twitch fibres, and energy for contraction
Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: Structure and Function of the SkeletonMusculoskeletal
Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: JointsMusculoskeletal
Neurobiology and Behaviour: The BrainNeurobiology
Neurobiology and Behaviour: NeuroscienceNeurobiology
Enzymes
- 5 subtopics
- 15 things to know
- Component 1
What Enzymes covers
Enzymes is one of the Core Concepts: it is taught with Component 1, Energy for Life, but may be assessed in any of the three components. It covers enzymes as biological catalysts, the active site and induced fit, temperature, pH and buffers, substrate and enzyme concentration and inhibition and immobilised enzymes.
Where it is assessed
Component 1
Energy for Life, whose Core Concepts are also assessed in the other two papers.
Check the Eduqas specification ↗The 5 subtopics
Each one has its own page.
- Enzymes as biological catalystsTerm metabolism, metabolic pathway and term catalyst.Open →
- The active site and induced fitActive site of an enzyme, how the active site is formed and enzyme–substrate complex.Open →
- Temperature, pH and buffersWhat happens to an enzyme above its optimum temperature, optimum temperature of an enzyme and buffer solution.Open →
- Substrate and enzyme concentrationRecall questions on why the rate rises and then plateaus as substrate is added, what is limiting at each stage, the effect of enzyme concentration, the shape of each graph and why they differ, and how initial rate is measured.Open →
- Inhibition and immobilised enzymesEnzyme inhibitor, how a competitive inhibitor acts and how a non-competitive inhibitor acts.Open →
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
What happens to an enzyme as the temperature rises past its optimum?
Key term
Describe an investigation into the effect of temperature on the activity of amylase.
Key term
What is meant by an enzyme–substrate complex?
Key term
Describe the effect of increasing substrate concentration on the rate of reaction when the enzyme concentration is fixed.
Key term
What is an enzyme inhibitor?
Key term
Define the term metabolism.
Key term
Where in the human body is lysozyme found?
Key term
Explain why the rate levels off as substrate concentration keeps rising.
Key term
What is the effect of raising the substrate concentration in the presence of a competitive inhibitor?
Key term
What is a metabolic pathway?
Key term
In an enzyme reaction, what happens to the enzyme after the products are released?
Key term
Describe and explain the effect on the rate of an enzyme reaction of raising the temperature from 0 °C towards the optimum.
Key term
Define Vmax.
Key term
Give a named example of a competitive inhibitor and the enzyme it acts on.
Take Enzymes further
The same content, four other ways.
Questions from this topic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Define the term metabolism.
Model answer
The sum of all the chemical reactions taking place in an organism, each one catalysed by its own enzyme.
- 2
What is a metabolic pathway?
Model answer
A sequence of reactions in which the product of one enzyme becomes the substrate of the next, arranged either as a chain or as a cycle.
- 3
Why must the reactions of a cell be catalysed rather than driven by raising the temperature?
Model answer
Temperatures high enough to make the reactions proceed usefully fast would denature the cell's proteins and kill it.
- 4
Define the term catalyst.
Model answer
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction while remaining chemically unchanged at the end of it.
- 5
Define activation energy.
Model answer
The minimum energy that reacting molecules must possess before they will react.
- 6
Explain how an enzyme increases the rate of a reaction.
Model answer
It lowers the activation energy, so a much larger proportion of the molecules present have enough energy to react at the temperature of the cell.
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material.
Enzymes revision questions
- What does Enzymes cover in Eduqas A-Level Biology?
- 5 subtopics: enzymes as biological catalysts, the active site and induced fit, temperature, ph and buffers, substrate and enzyme concentration and inhibition and immobilised enzymes. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
- How is Enzymes organised?
- By the Eduqas A400QS specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.
Every question in Enzymes, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
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