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Eduqas A-Level Biology A400QS
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Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: Skeletal TissuesMusculoskeletal
Topic overviewCartilage and its three typesThe composition and functions of compact boneBone remodelling and the Haversian systemRickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis and brittle bone diseaseThe structure of skeletal muscleThe sliding filament theoryFast and slow twitch fibres, and energy for contraction
Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: Structure and Function of the SkeletonMusculoskeletal
Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: JointsMusculoskeletal
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Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: Skeletal Tissues
- 7 subtopics
- 21 things to know
- Component 3
- Component 3, Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy — one option of three
What Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: Skeletal Tissues covers
Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: Skeletal Tissues is examined in Component 3, Requirements for Life — the optional section Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy, one of three from which a student studies one. It covers cartilage and its three types, the composition and functions of compact bone, bone remodelling and the Haversian system, rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis and brittle bone disease, the structure of skeletal muscle, the sliding filament theory and fast and slow twitch fibres, and energy for contraction.
Where it is assessed
Component 3
Requirements for Life — the human musculoskeletal anatomy option, one of three of which a student studies one.
Check the Eduqas specification ↗The 7 subtopics
Each one has its own page.
- Cartilage and its three typesTissue is cartilage, matrix of hyaline cartilage and matrix of white fibrous cartilage.Open →
- The composition and functions of compact boneRecall questions on the collagen and mineral components and what each contributes, the Haversian system with its canal, lamellae, lacunae and canaliculi, the functions of bone as support, protection, movement and a calcium store, and the role of marrow.Open →
- Bone remodelling and the Haversian systemHaversian system and function of the Volkmann's canals that cross a bone.Open →
- Rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis and brittle bone diseaseWhy a shortage of vitamin D leads to soft bones and two visible signs of rickets in a child.Open →
- The structure of skeletal muscleSarcoplasmic reticulum, transverse tubules and H zone of a sarcomere.Open →
- The sliding filament theoryStructure of a myosin molecule, structure of a thin filament and power stroke of muscle contraction.Open →
- Fast and slow twitch fibres, and energy for contractionFunction of myoglobin in a muscle fibre and role of creatine phosphate in a working muscle.Open →
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
Why can no osteocyte lie far from a Haversian canal?
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Why does a muscle fibre need so many mitochondria and such a dense capillary network?
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Describe what happens when a muscle relaxes.
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Why does the build-up of lactate cause fatigue and pain?
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What kind of tissue is cartilage, and what are its cells called?
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Which dietary deficiencies cause rickets?
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What is the matrix of cartilage made of?
Numbers
What proportion of the matrix of compact bone is organic and what proportion is inorganic?
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What does an osteoblast do?
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Explain why a shortage of vitamin D leads to soft bones.
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How is a whole skeletal muscle organised down to the level of a single fibre?
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Which protein makes up the thick filaments of a myofibril?
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How do fast twitch and slow twitch fibres differ in the speed and duration of their contraction?
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Why does damaged cartilage heal so slowly?
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Which protein forms most of the organic part of the bone matrix?
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Why must bone be broken down and rebuilt continuously throughout life?
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Describe two visible signs of rickets in a child.
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Why is a skeletal muscle fibre described as multinucleate?
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What keeps the myosin-binding sites on actin covered in a resting muscle?
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Why is slow twitch muscle darker in colour than fast twitch muscle?
Take Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: Skeletal Tissues further
The same content, four other ways.
Questions from this topic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What kind of tissue is cartilage, and what are its cells called?
Model answer
Cartilage is a firm but flexible connective tissue, and its cells are chondrocytes, which secrete the matrix around themselves.
- 2
Where do the cells of cartilage sit within the tissue?
Model answer
They sit singly or in small groups in fluid-filled spaces called lacunae, hollowed out of the matrix they have secreted.
- 3
What is the matrix of cartilage made of?
Model answer
The matrix is chondrin, a firm gel of protein and polysaccharide, in which fibres of collagen and sometimes elastin are embedded.
- 4
Why does damaged cartilage heal so slowly?
Model answer
Cartilage has no blood vessels of its own, so oxygen and nutrients must diffuse slowly through the solid matrix to reach the chondrocytes, which limits how fast they can divide and lay down new tissue.
- 5
Describe the matrix of hyaline cartilage.
Model answer
Hyaline cartilage has fine collagen fibres scattered evenly through the matrix, which gives it a smooth, glassy blue-white appearance.
- 6
Give three places in the body where hyaline cartilage is found.
Model answer
Hyaline cartilage covers the ends of the long bones at a joint, forms the C-shaped rings of the trachea, and joins the ribs to the sternum.
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Six ways to work the same material.
Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: Skeletal Tissues revision questions
- What does Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: Skeletal Tissues cover in Eduqas A-Level Biology?
- 7 subtopics: cartilage and its three types, the composition and functions of compact bone, bone remodelling and the haversian system, rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis and brittle bone disease, the structure of skeletal muscle, the sliding filament theory and fast and slow twitch fibres, and energy for contraction. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
- How is Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: Skeletal Tissues organised?
- By the Eduqas A400QS specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.
Every question in Human Musculoskeletal Anatomy: Skeletal Tissues, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
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