Key term
CCEA A-Level Technology and Design 8900
Material Selection and Wood
Metals
Plastics
Composite and Emerging Materials
Processing Materials
Product Analysis and Design Communication
Design for Manufacture, Quality and Safety
Electronic Control SystemsOption A
Topic overviewControl systems, feedback and electronics safetyResistors, Ohm's law and power ratingsCapacitors and RC timingPotential dividers, sensors and comparatorsSwitches, pull-up and pull-down resistorsOutput devices and LEDsTransistors, Darlington pairs and thyristorsLogic gates, truth tables and flip-flops555 monostable and astable timers
Microelectronic Control SystemsOption A
Topic overviewMicrocontroller systems, ADCs and DACsStrain gauges and bridge circuitsOptical switches, encoded discs and Schmitt triggersOp-amp amplifiers and gainZener diodes and voltage regulatorsKarnaugh maps and binary countersSeven-segment, LCD and dot matrix displaysPIC flowcharts and programmingDC motors, stepper motors and driver circuits
Mechanical and Pneumatic ComponentsOption B
Topic overviewOpen and closed loop mechanical and pneumatic controlSafe working with compressed air and mechanismsLevers, linkages and momentsGear types and gear trainsPulleys, belts, chains and shaft fixingsCams, cranks and converting motionCompressed air supply and pneumatic valvesCylinders, shuttle valves, restrictors and reservoirsPneumatic circuits for logic, timing and speed control
Mechanical and Pneumatic SystemsOption B
Topic overviewHydraulics, system limitations and plant safetyTorque, work, power and air consumptionVacuum handling, proximity sensors and 5/3 valvesSequential and cascade pneumatic circuitsCam profiles and follower displacement diagramsGear geometry, pulley blocks and ratchetsToggles, treadles, shafts and couplingsFriction, brakes and clutchesBearings, lubrication and seals
Designing and Manufacturing ProductsOption C
Topic overviewResearch, questionnaires and specificationsIdea generation, critiques and computer simulationManufacturing planning and product evaluationCFRP, GRP, Kevlar and tungsten carbideSmart materials, nanotechnology and biophotovoltaicsIsometric, perspective and assembly drawingLaminating, steam bending, cutting and printing processesRisk assessment and product safety lawScales of production, JIT and cell productionQuality assurance, ISO 9001 and continuous improvementDesign influences and intellectual property rights
Product Design in Industry and SocietyOption C
Topic overviewLife-cycle environmental impact and climate changeThe 6Rs, waste and environmental legislationSustainable metals, plastics and degradable polymersProduct life cycles, consumer types and relaunchesCAD, CAM, 3D scanning and quick-change mouldingMarket pull, technology push and market strategyPrice, place and promotionJigs, fixtures and ICT in quality controlDesign for maintenance, inclusion and scale productionRendering, typography and presentationDyson, Baylis, Memphis and Apple
Product Development
Product and System Design and Manufacture
Designing and Manufacturing Products
Laminating, steam bending, cutting and printing processes
- 3 things to know
- AS 1 Paper 2
Overview
Laminating and steam bending wood, die cutting with a break-even calculation, water jet and laser cutting, CNC routers and lathes, 3D printing and dye sublimation printing.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
Why does a laminated curve hold its shape so well?
Process
Describe the steam bending process.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Describe how a curved chair back is made by laminating.
Model answer
Thin veneers are coated with glue and stacked with their grain running the same way. The stack is clamped round a former, often in a vacuum bag, until the glue sets.
- 2
Why does a laminated curve hold its shape so well?
Model answer
The cured glue lines lock the veneers into the curve, so there is very little springback. Laminating can also make tighter curves from cheaper, less perfect timber.
- 3
Describe the steam bending process.
Model answer
A solid length of straight-grained hardwood is steamed until the lignin softens. The wood is quickly bent round a former, clamped and left to dry and set.
- 4
Why is a steel strap used on the outside of a bend in steam bending?
Model answer
The strap takes the tension on the outer face, so the fibres there do not split. Most of the wood is pushed into compression, which it tolerates far better.
- 5
Which famous chair was made by steam bending?
Model answer
Michael Thonet's No. 14 chair of 1859 was made from steam-bent beech. The chair was designed for mass production and shipped in parts for assembly.
- 6
What is die cutting?
Model answer
Die cutting presses a shaped steel-rule blade through sheet material such as card, paper, leather or thin plastic. Creasing rules in the same die can score fold lines at the same time.
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