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Metals

Aluminium, copper, brass and zinc

  • 3 things to know
  • AS 1 Paper 1

Overview

The properties and uses of aluminium and duralumin, copper and work hardening, brass for fittings and instruments, and zinc coatings and die-cast zinc alloys.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Describe the properties of pure aluminium.

Key term

Why does aluminium resist corrosion?

Key term

Give two uses of aluminium and link each to a property.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Describe the properties of pure aluminium.

    Model answer

    Aluminium is a light, silvery metal with a density far lower than that of steel. Aluminium is ductile, malleable and a good conductor of heat and electricity.

  2. 2

    Why does aluminium resist corrosion?

    Model answer

    Aluminium reacts with air to form a thin, tough layer of aluminium oxide. The oxide layer seals the surface and stops further corrosion.

  3. 3

    Give two uses of aluminium and link each to a property.

    Model answer

    Drinks cans are made from aluminium because it is light, malleable and non-toxic. Window frames are made from aluminium because it resists corrosion and extrudes into complex sections.

  4. 4

    What are the working characteristics of aluminium?

    Model answer

    Aluminium is easy to cut, file, bend and machine, and it casts well as an alloy. Aluminium is difficult to weld and needs special equipment to join by heat.

  5. 5

    Why are aluminium alloys used instead of pure aluminium for aircraft and bicycle frames?

    Model answer

    Pure aluminium is soft and relatively weak. Alloying with elements such as copper, magnesium and silicon greatly increases strength while keeping the weight low.

  6. 6

    What is duralumin?

    Model answer

    Duralumin is an aluminium alloy containing about 4% copper, with small amounts of magnesium and manganese. Duralumin is strong and light and is used in aircraft structures.

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