Key term
Edexcel A-Level Chemistry 9CH0
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Bonding and Structure
Inorganic Chemistry and the Periodic Table
Topic overviewFlame tests and how they workThermal decomposition of nitrates and carbonatesCarrying out flame tests and testing the gasesGroup 2 elements and their compoundsTrends in Group 7 and predicting fluorine and astatineHalogen displacement reactionsDisproportionation and the reactions of chlorineHalides with concentrated sulfuric acid, and the hydrogen halidesTesting for halide ions with silver nitrateTesting for carbonate and hydrogencarbonate ionsTesting for sulfate and ammonium ions
Formulae, Equations and Amounts of Substance
Topic overviewThe mole, molar mass and empirical formulaThe ideal gas equation and molar volumeEquations, concentration and reacting quantitiesStandard solutions, titration and uncertaintyPercentage yield, atom economy and acid reactionsCore practicals 1 to 3Empirical formula and water of crystallisation by experimentApparatus, uncertainty and mathematical skills
Organic Chemistry I
Topic overviewFormulae, homologous series and functional groupsIUPAC nomenclatureTypes of organic reaction and structural isomerismStereoisomerism and E/Z nomenclaturePractical techniques in organic chemistryAlkanes, crude oil and combustion pollutantsRadical substitutionAlkenes, the double bond and hydrogenationElectrophilic addition, Markovnikov's rule and the test for an alkeneAddition polymers and waste polymersNucleophilic substitution of halogenoalkanesRates of hydrolysis and the SN1 and SN2 mechanismsClassifying and oxidising alcoholsAlcohols: practical techniques and the core practicals
Modern Analytical Techniques I
Energetics I
Kinetics I
Equilibrium I
Acid-Base Equilibria
Energetics II
Redox II
Transition Metals
Topic overviewElectron configuration and what makes a transition metalComplex ions, ligands and the colour of transition metal ionsCoordination number, monodentate ligands and the shapes of complexesBidentate and multidentate ligands, and ligand exchangeVanadium and chromium chemistryReactions with sodium hydroxide and ammoniaCobalt and copper complexesLigand exchange, amphoteric behaviour and the chelate effectTransition metals as catalysts
Kinetics II
Organic Chemistry II
Topic overviewChiralityAldehydes, ketones and their oxidationReduction and nucleophilic addition of HCNTesting for a carbonyl group: 2,4-DNPH and the iodoform reactionCarboxylic acids and their reactionsEsters and acyl chloridesReflux, extraction and recrystallisationDistillation, melting temperature and working safely
Organic Chemistry III
Topic overviewThe structure of benzene and the evidence for itElectrophilic substitution of benzeneNitration, halogenation, Friedel-Crafts and phenolAmines: structure and basicityReactions of amines and preparing themAmides and condensation polymersAmino acids, zwitterions and proteinsEmpirical and molecular formulae from analytical dataGrignard reagents and multi-step synthesisPurification techniques and the aspirin preparation
Kinetics II
- 4 subtopics
- 12 things to know
- Papers 2 and 3
What Kinetics II covers
Covers rate equations and orders, determining an order by experiment, what a rate equation says about the mechanism, and the Arrhenius relationship.
Where it is assessed
Papers 2 and 3
Advanced Organic and Physical Chemistry, then the synoptic paper.
Check the Pearson Edexcel specification ↗The 4 subtopics
Each one has its own page.
- Rate equations, orders and the rate constantRecall questions on writing a rate equation, on what zero, first and second order mean, and on the units of the rate constant.Open →
- Determining orders from experimentsThe initial rate and continuous monitoring methods, deducing orders from initial rates, half-lives and rate-concentration graphs, techniques for following a rate, Core Practical 13a on the iodination of propanone, the iodine clock of Core Practical 13b, and finding k for a zero-order reaction.Open →
- Rate-determining step and mechanismsRecall questions on what the rate equation reveals about the slowest step, on testing a proposed mechanism against it, and on the iodination of propanone.Open →
- Arrhenius equation and activation energyThe Arrhenius equation and its logarithmic form, plotting ln k against 1/T to find the activation energy from the gradient and ln A from the intercept, and Core Practical 14 timing the bromate(V) and bromide reaction at several temperatures.Open →
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Process
How does a rate equation constrain a proposed mechanism?
Key term
Define the rate of a reaction.
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Which species appear in the rate equation?
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What does the Arrhenius equation relate?
Numbers
Write the Arrhenius equation in its logarithmic (straight-line) form.
Key term
What is the initial-rate method?
Key term
Using initial rates, how do you establish the order in one particular reagent?
Key term
What is a rate equation?
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What does half-life mean for a reaction?
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What is the rate-determining step?
Key term
Write the Arrhenius equation.
Take Kinetics II further
The same content, four other ways.
Commonly confused
Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.
Order of reaction vs Overall order
Order of reaction: power of a concentration in a rate equation. Overall order: sum of all concentration powers.
Rate-determining step vs Elementary step
Rate-determining step: slowest stage controlling the observed rate. Elementary step: single stage in a reaction mechanism.
Questions from this topic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Define the rate of a reaction.
Model answer
The change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time.
- 2
What is a rate equation?
Model answer
An equation that relates the rate of reaction to the concentrations of the reactants, each raised to a power.
- 3
What is meant by the order of reaction with respect to a substance?
Model answer
The power to which the concentration of that substance is raised in the rate equation.
- 4
What is the overall order of a reaction?
Model answer
The sum of the individual orders with respect to each reactant in the rate equation.
- 5
What is the rate constant, k?
Model answer
The proportionality constant in the rate equation linking rate to the reactant concentrations.
- 6
Write the general form of a rate equation for reactants A and B.
Model answer
rate = k[A]ᵐ[B]ⁿ, where m and n are the orders with respect to A and B.
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material.
Kinetics II revision questions
- What does Kinetics II cover in Edexcel A-Level Chemistry?
- 4 subtopics: rate equations, orders and the rate constant, determining orders from experiments, rate-determining step and mechanisms and arrhenius equation and activation energy. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
- How is Kinetics II organised?
- By the Edexcel 9CH0 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.
Every question in Kinetics II, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
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