Process
Edexcel A-Level Chemistry 9CH0
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Bonding and Structure
Inorganic Chemistry and the Periodic Table
Topic overviewFlame tests and how they workThermal decomposition of nitrates and carbonatesCarrying out flame tests and testing the gasesGroup 2 elements and their compoundsTrends in Group 7 and predicting fluorine and astatineHalogen displacement reactionsDisproportionation and the reactions of chlorineHalides with concentrated sulfuric acid, and the hydrogen halidesTesting for halide ions with silver nitrateTesting for carbonate and hydrogencarbonate ionsTesting for sulfate and ammonium ions
Formulae, Equations and Amounts of Substance
Topic overviewThe mole, molar mass and empirical formulaThe ideal gas equation and molar volumeEquations, concentration and reacting quantitiesStandard solutions, titration and uncertaintyPercentage yield, atom economy and acid reactionsCore practicals 1 to 3Empirical formula and water of crystallisation by experimentApparatus, uncertainty and mathematical skills
Organic Chemistry I
Topic overviewFormulae, homologous series and functional groupsIUPAC nomenclatureTypes of organic reaction and structural isomerismStereoisomerism and E/Z nomenclaturePractical techniques in organic chemistryAlkanes, crude oil and combustion pollutantsRadical substitutionAlkenes, the double bond and hydrogenationElectrophilic addition, Markovnikov's rule and the test for an alkeneAddition polymers and waste polymersNucleophilic substitution of halogenoalkanesRates of hydrolysis and the SN1 and SN2 mechanismsClassifying and oxidising alcoholsAlcohols: practical techniques and the core practicals
Modern Analytical Techniques I
Energetics I
Kinetics I
Equilibrium I
Acid-Base Equilibria
Energetics II
Redox II
Transition Metals
Topic overviewElectron configuration and what makes a transition metalComplex ions, ligands and the colour of transition metal ionsCoordination number, monodentate ligands and the shapes of complexesBidentate and multidentate ligands, and ligand exchangeVanadium and chromium chemistryReactions with sodium hydroxide and ammoniaCobalt and copper complexesLigand exchange, amphoteric behaviour and the chelate effectTransition metals as catalysts
Kinetics II
Organic Chemistry II
Topic overviewChiralityAldehydes, ketones and their oxidationReduction and nucleophilic addition of HCNTesting for a carbonyl group: 2,4-DNPH and the iodoform reactionCarboxylic acids and their reactionsEsters and acyl chloridesReflux, extraction and recrystallisationDistillation, melting temperature and working safely
Organic Chemistry III
Topic overviewThe structure of benzene and the evidence for itElectrophilic substitution of benzeneNitration, halogenation, Friedel-Crafts and phenolAmines: structure and basicityReactions of amines and preparing themAmides and condensation polymersAmino acids, zwitterions and proteinsEmpirical and molecular formulae from analytical dataGrignard reagents and multi-step synthesisPurification techniques and the aspirin preparation
Organic Chemistry I
Rates of hydrolysis and the SN1 and SN2 mechanisms
- 3 things to know
- Papers 2 and 3
Overview
Comparing hydrolysis rates with silver nitrate in ethanol, the reactivity order of primary, secondary and tertiary halogenoalkanes and of chloro-, bromo- and iodoalkanes explained by C–X bond enthalpy, the Sₙ2 mechanism and its transition state, and aqueous against ethanolic potassium hydroxide for substitution or elimination.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Process
Why are iodoalkanes the most reactive halogenoalkanes towards hydrolysis?
Key term
Which reagent lets you compare how fast primary, secondary and tertiary halogenoalkanes are hydrolysed?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Which reagent lets you compare how fast primary, secondary and tertiary halogenoalkanes are hydrolysed?
Model answer
Aqueous silver nitrate in ethanol.
- 2
How would you compare, in the lab, how fast chloro-, bromo- and iodoalkanes hydrolyse?
Model answer
Warm each with silver nitrate solution in ethanol and time how quickly a precipitate appears.
- 3
What observation indicates that hydrolysis of a halogenoalkane has occurred when using aqueous silver nitrate?
Model answer
The formation of a precipitate of silver halide.
- 4
How does the rate of precipitate formation relate to the rate of hydrolysis in the silver nitrate test?
Model answer
The faster the precipitate forms, the faster the rate of hydrolysis.
- 5
Place primary, secondary, and tertiary halogenoalkanes in order of increasing reactivity towards nucleophilic substitution.
Model answer
Primary < secondary < tertiary.
- 6
Place chloroalkanes, bromoalkanes, and iodoalkanes in order of increasing reactivity towards hydrolysis.
Model answer
Chloroalkanes < bromoalkanes < iodoalkanes.
Other ways to work this
The same content, four other ways.
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material.
Every question in Organic Chemistry I, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
Or £46 a year, about £3.83 a month. Cancel anytime.