Cell-mediated immunity and T-lymphocytes

Overview

Cell-mediated immunity, three kinds of antigen that sensitise T-lymphocytes and four types of T-cell formed when sensitised T-lymphocytes divide.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1. 1

   What is cell-mediated immunity?

   Model answer

   Cell-mediated immunity is the immune response carried out by T-lymphocytes acting on cells directly, rather than by antibodies secreted into the plasma.

2. 2

   Name three kinds of antigen that sensitise T-lymphocytes.

   Model answer

   Viral antigens, abnormal self-antigens such as those of tumour cells, and the antigens of transplanted foreign tissue all sensitise T-lymphocytes.

3. 3

   What happens to a T-lymphocyte once it has been sensitised?

   Model answer

   A sensitised T-lymphocyte divides to form a pool of several different types of T-cell.

4. 4

   Name the four types of T-cell formed when sensitised T-lymphocytes divide.

   Model answer

   The four types are killer T-cells, helper T-cells, memory T-cells and suppressor T-cells.

5. 5

   State the role of a killer T-cell.

   Model answer

   A killer T-cell brings about the direct enzymatic destruction of the foreign invading antigens it recognises.

6. 6

   State the role of a helper T-cell.

   Model answer

   A helper T-cell co-operates with B-cells so that some types of antibody can be formed.

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