Why is the Holderness coast one of the fastest eroding coastlines in Europe?

Its cliffs are made of soft boulder clay left by glaciers, which slumps easily when wet, and powerful waves from the North Sea wash the loose material away.

Why was Mappleton on the Holderness coast chosen for protection?

The village and the B1242 coast road, which links settlements along the coast, were only a short distance from the cliff edge and would soon have been lost.

When was the Mappleton coastal scheme built, and how much did it cost?

It was built in 1991 at a cost of almost £2 million.

What strategy was used to protect Mappleton from erosion?

Two rock groynes were built out into the sea to trap sand carried south by longshore drift, and a rock revetment was placed at the foot of the cliff.

AQA GCSE Geography 8035

Climate Change

Topic overview The evidence, causes and effects of climate change Managing climate change: mitigation and adaptation

Coastal Landscapes in the UKUK landscape option

Topic overview Waves and coastal processes: weathering, mass movement, erosion, transport and deposition Coastal landforms of erosion and deposition Identifying landforms on a stretch of UK coastline Coastal management: hard and soft engineering, and a UK scheme Managing the Holderness coast at Mappleton

Cold EnvironmentsLiving world option

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Ecosystems

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EnergyResource option

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Glacial Landscapes in the UKUK landscape option

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Natural Hazards

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Resource Management

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River Landscapes in the UKUK landscape option

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Tropical Rainforests

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UK Physical Landscapes

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Urban Issues and Challenges

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WaterResource option

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Coastal Landscapes in the UK

Managing the Holderness coast at Mappleton

3 things to know
Paper 1 section C

Overview

Why the boulder clay cliffs of Holderness retreat so fast, why Mappleton and its coast road were protected in 1991, the rock groynes and revetment used, and how the scheme starved Cowden and the coast further south of sediment.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Process

How fast is the Holderness coast retreating?

Process

Where did the rock for the Mappleton defences come from?

Process

What effect has the coastal scheme had at Mappleton itself?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
Why is the Holderness coast one of the fastest eroding coastlines in Europe?
Model answer
Its cliffs are made of soft boulder clay left by glaciers, which slumps easily when wet, and powerful waves from the North Sea wash the loose material away.
2
How fast is the Holderness coast retreating?
Model answer
On average by around 2 metres a year, though a single storm can remove far more from one stretch.
3
Why was Mappleton on the Holderness coast chosen for protection?
Model answer
The village and the B1242 coast road, which links settlements along the coast, were only a short distance from the cliff edge and would soon have been lost.
4
When was the Mappleton coastal scheme built, and how much did it cost?
Model answer
It was built in 1991 at a cost of almost £2 million.
5
What strategy was used to protect Mappleton from erosion?
Model answer
Two rock groynes were built out into the sea to trap sand carried south by longshore drift, and a rock revetment was placed at the foot of the cliff.
6
Where did the rock for the Mappleton defences come from?
Model answer
Large granite blocks were shipped in from Norway, because there is no hard rock of that kind along the Holderness coast.

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