What does the theory of plate tectonics say about the structure of the Earth's outer layer?

It says the lithosphere is broken into a number of rigid plates that fit together and move slowly relative to one another.

How does continental crust differ from oceanic crust?

Continental crust is thicker, older and less dense, while oceanic crust is thinner, younger and denser, so it is the oceanic crust that sinks where the two meet.

Describe the worldwide pattern of volcanoes.

Almost all volcanoes lie in narrow lines that follow the edges of the plates, especially around the rim of the Pacific Ocean and along the mid-ocean ridges.

Describe the worldwide pattern of earthquakes.

They occur in narrow belts that trace the boundaries between the plates, and the deepest and most powerful of them cluster where one plate is sinking beneath another.

AQA GCSE Geography 8035

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Tectonic Hazards

Plate tectonics, plate margins and where earthquakes and volcanoes occur

3 things to know
Paper 1

Overview

Plate tectonics theory, what drives plate movement, continental and oceanic crust, the global pattern of earthquakes and volcanoes and the Ring of Fire, and what happens at constructive, destructive and conservative margins.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What happens to the plates at a constructive, a destructive and a conservative margin?

Key term

Which layer of the Earth do the tectonic plates move over?

Key term

What is thought to make the tectonic plates move?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What does the theory of plate tectonics say about the structure of the Earth's outer layer?
Model answer
It says the lithosphere is broken into a number of rigid plates that fit together and move slowly relative to one another.
2
Which layer of the Earth do the tectonic plates move over?
Model answer
The asthenosphere, the hotter and partly molten upper mantle that behaves like a very slow-flowing solid.
3
What is thought to make the tectonic plates move?
Model answer
Convection currents in the mantle, driven by heat from the core, together with slab pull as dense oceanic plate sinks and drags the rest of the plate with it.
4
How does continental crust differ from oceanic crust?
Model answer
Continental crust is thicker, older and less dense, while oceanic crust is thinner, younger and denser, so it is the oceanic crust that sinks where the two meet.
5
Describe the worldwide pattern of volcanoes.
Model answer
Almost all volcanoes lie in narrow lines that follow the edges of the plates, especially around the rim of the Pacific Ocean and along the mid-ocean ridges.
6
Describe the worldwide pattern of earthquakes.
Model answer
They occur in narrow belts that trace the boundaries between the plates, and the deepest and most powerful of them cluster where one plate is sinking beneath another.

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