Key term
AQA GCSE Geography 8035
Climate Change
Coastal Landscapes in the UKUK landscape option
Topic overviewWaves and coastal processes: weathering, mass movement, erosion, transport and depositionCoastal landforms of erosion and depositionIdentifying landforms on a stretch of UK coastlineCoastal management: hard and soft engineering, and a UK schemeManaging the Holderness coast at Mappleton
Cold EnvironmentsLiving world option
Ecosystems
EnergyResource option
FoodResource option
Geographical Applications: Fieldwork Enquiry
Topic overviewChoosing an enquiry question, its theory and its sourcesRisk assessment in fieldworkPrimary and secondary data, and sampling methodsJustifying your data collection methodsChoosing and using presentation methodsDescribing, analysing and explaining fieldwork resultsAnomalies in fieldwork dataDrawing conclusions from an enquiryEvaluating an enquiry: problems, limitations and missing dataHow reliable were your conclusions?
Geographical Skills
Topic overviewAtlas maps: coordinates, distributions and patternsReading thematic maps for physical and human associationsOS maps: scale, grid references, distance and directionOS maps: gradient, contours and landscape featuresOS maps: relief, cross sections and drawing inferencesOS maps: transects, landscape description and human activityComparing maps, sketch maps and photographsDescribing landscapes from photographs, and annotating themChoosing and constructing the right graph or chartCompleting choropleth, isoline, dot, desire-line and flow mapsReading population pyramids, choropleth and flow-line mapsNumber, scale, proportion and ratio, and designing data sheetsDrawing conclusions from numerical dataAverages, spread, percentages and correlationSpotting weaknesses in how data is presentedUsing maps, fieldwork data and GIS as evidenceUsing imagery, written, visual and graphical sourcesUsing numerical and statistical information as evidenceFraming an enquiry and writing about itBuilding an argument and reaching a conclusionIssue evaluation: stakeholders, options and a justified decision
Glacial Landscapes in the UKUK landscape option
Hot DesertsLiving world option
Resource Management
River Landscapes in the UKUK landscape option
Tectonic Hazards
The Changing Economic World
Topic overviewClassifying development, and how it is measuredWhy measures fall short, the Demographic Transition Model, and causes of uneven developmentThe consequences of uneven developmentClosing the development gap, and tourism as a strategyA rapidly developing country: change, industry, aid and impactsNigeria: a newly emerging economyEconomic futures in the UKUK economic change: named examples
Tropical Rainforests
UK Physical Landscapes
Urban Issues and Challenges
Topic overviewGlobal urbanisation: patterns, trends and what drives themThe rise of megacitiesA major city in a poorer or emerging country, and planning for the urban poorRio de Janeiro: growth, opportunities and challengesThe UK's urban population and a major UK cityBristol: urban change in a major UK cityAn urban regeneration projectSustainable urban living and urban transport
WaterResource option
Weather Hazards
Topic overviewGlobal atmospheric circulation: pressure belts and surface windsWhere tropical storms form, and whyThe structure of a tropical storm, and the effect of climate changeThe effects of and responses to tropical stormsReducing the effects of tropical stormsWeather hazards in the UKAn extreme weather event in the UK, and evidence of more extreme weather
Water
- 4 subtopics
- 12 things to know
- Paper 2 section C
- Paper 2 section C, one of food, water and energy
What Water covers
Water is examined in Paper 2, Challenges in the human environment. It covers water surplus and deficit, and why demand is rising, the impacts of water insecurity, strategies to increase water supply and towards a sustainable water supply.
Where it is assessed
Paper 2 section C
Challenges in the human environment: the challenge of resource management, one of three.
Check the AQA specification ↗The 4 subtopics
Each one has its own page.
- Water surplus and deficit, and why demand is risingWater security, surplus and deficit and their global pattern, why consumption rises with development and population, and how climate, geology, pollution, over-abstraction, limited infrastructure and poverty affect availability.Open →
- The impacts of water insecurityWaterborne disease and who it hits hardest, pollution of supplies, how water shortages cut food production and industrial output, and why demand exceeding supply and rivers shared across borders can lead to conflict.Open →
- Strategies to increase water supplyDams and reservoirs, water transfer schemes and desalination with their advantages and disadvantages, and the Lesotho Highlands Water Project, which transfers water from Lesotho's mountains to South Africa's Gauteng province.Open →
- Towards a sustainable water supplySustainable water supply, conservation in homes and farming, metering, groundwater management, recycling and grey water, and low-cost local schemes in poorer countries such as the sand dams of south-eastern Kenya.Open →
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
What impacts does water insecurity have on people's health and on food supply?
Key term
What is meant by water security?
Key term
What is a waterborne disease?
Key term
Give three drawbacks of building a large dam and reservoir.
Key term
What is a water transfer scheme?
Key term
How can water companies and farmers cut the water they waste?
Key term
Why does metering tend to reduce the water a household uses?
Key term
When is an area said to have a water surplus?
Key term
Which groups suffer most from waterborne illness, and what does that cost a country?
Evaluation
Give three disadvantages of a large water transfer scheme.
Key term
What happens to a coastal aquifer that is pumped too hard?
Take Water further
The same content, four other ways.
Commonly confused
Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.
Water surplus vs Water deficit
Water surplus: the supply available being greater than what people, farms and industries demand. Water deficit: demand being greater than the supply available, leaving some needs unmet.
Distillation vs Reverse osmosis
Distillation: boiling sea water and condensing the pure vapour. Reverse osmosis: forcing water through a membrane that holds the salt back.
Grey water vs Recycled water
Grey water: waste from baths, showers, basins and washing machines that contains no sewage. Recycled water: used supply from homes and industry treated well enough to go back into use.
Questions from this topic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is meant by water security?
Model answer
A country or region has enough clean, safe water to meet the needs of its people, farming and industry, both now and in the future.
- 2
When is an area said to have a water surplus?
Model answer
When the supply of water available to it is greater than the amount its people, farms and industries demand.
- 3
What does it mean for a region to be in water deficit?
Model answer
Its demand for water is greater than the supply available to it, so some needs go unmet and it is water insecure.
- 4
Which parts of the world tend to have the largest water surpluses?
Model answer
Wet equatorial and temperate regions such as northern South America, Central Africa, northern Europe and Canada, where heavy or reliable rainfall meets a fairly small demand.
- 5
Which parts of the world tend to have the deepest water deficits?
Model answer
Dry subtropical belts such as North Africa, the Middle East, western Asia and inland Australia, and any densely populated or heavily irrigated region such as northern India and the western United States.
- 6
Why can a wet country still suffer shortages in places?
Model answer
Because rainfall is spread unevenly through the country and through the year, so a region or a season can fall into deficit while the national total looks comfortable.
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material.
Water revision questions
- What does Water cover in AQA GCSE Geography?
- 4 subtopics: water surplus and deficit, and why demand is rising, the impacts of water insecurity, strategies to increase water supply and towards a sustainable water supply. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
- How is Water organised?
- By the AQA 8035 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.
Every question in Water, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
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