Key term
AQA GCSE Geography 8035
Climate Change
Coastal Landscapes in the UKUK landscape option
Topic overviewWaves and coastal processes: weathering, mass movement, erosion, transport and depositionCoastal landforms of erosion and depositionIdentifying landforms on a stretch of UK coastlineCoastal management: hard and soft engineering, and a UK schemeManaging the Holderness coast at Mappleton
Cold EnvironmentsLiving world option
Ecosystems
EnergyResource option
FoodResource option
Geographical Applications: Fieldwork Enquiry
Topic overviewChoosing an enquiry question, its theory and its sourcesRisk assessment in fieldworkPrimary and secondary data, and sampling methodsJustifying your data collection methodsChoosing and using presentation methodsDescribing, analysing and explaining fieldwork resultsAnomalies in fieldwork dataDrawing conclusions from an enquiryEvaluating an enquiry: problems, limitations and missing dataHow reliable were your conclusions?
Geographical Skills
Topic overviewAtlas maps: coordinates, distributions and patternsReading thematic maps for physical and human associationsOS maps: scale, grid references, distance and directionOS maps: gradient, contours and landscape featuresOS maps: relief, cross sections and drawing inferencesOS maps: transects, landscape description and human activityComparing maps, sketch maps and photographsDescribing landscapes from photographs, and annotating themChoosing and constructing the right graph or chartCompleting choropleth, isoline, dot, desire-line and flow mapsReading population pyramids, choropleth and flow-line mapsNumber, scale, proportion and ratio, and designing data sheetsDrawing conclusions from numerical dataAverages, spread, percentages and correlationSpotting weaknesses in how data is presentedUsing maps, fieldwork data and GIS as evidenceUsing imagery, written, visual and graphical sourcesUsing numerical and statistical information as evidenceFraming an enquiry and writing about itBuilding an argument and reaching a conclusionIssue evaluation: stakeholders, options and a justified decision
Glacial Landscapes in the UKUK landscape option
Hot DesertsLiving world option
Resource Management
River Landscapes in the UKUK landscape option
Tectonic Hazards
The Changing Economic World
Topic overviewClassifying development, and how it is measuredWhy measures fall short, the Demographic Transition Model, and causes of uneven developmentThe consequences of uneven developmentClosing the development gap, and tourism as a strategyA rapidly developing country: change, industry, aid and impactsNigeria: a newly emerging economyEconomic futures in the UKUK economic change: named examples
Tropical Rainforests
UK Physical Landscapes
Urban Issues and Challenges
Topic overviewGlobal urbanisation: patterns, trends and what drives themThe rise of megacitiesA major city in a poorer or emerging country, and planning for the urban poorRio de Janeiro: growth, opportunities and challengesThe UK's urban population and a major UK cityBristol: urban change in a major UK cityAn urban regeneration projectSustainable urban living and urban transport
WaterResource option
Weather Hazards
Topic overviewGlobal atmospheric circulation: pressure belts and surface windsWhere tropical storms form, and whyThe structure of a tropical storm, and the effect of climate changeThe effects of and responses to tropical stormsReducing the effects of tropical stormsWeather hazards in the UKAn extreme weather event in the UK, and evidence of more extreme weather
Geographical Applications: Fieldwork Enquiry
How reliable were your conclusions?
- 3 things to know
- Paper 3 section B
Overview
Reliable against accurate data, what makes fieldwork data more reliable, sample size, human error and judgement-based methods, why conclusions from a few sites cannot be stretched to a whole area, and judging how far a conclusion can be trusted.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
What is the difference between reliable data and accurate data?
Key term
Name four things that make fieldwork data more reliable.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What does it mean to say that a conclusion is reliable?
Model answer
That the same methods carried out again at the same place would give closely similar data and lead to the same answer.
- 2
What is the difference between reliable data and accurate data?
Model answer
Reliable data is consistent and repeatable, while accurate data is close to the true value; data can be consistently wrong and so reliable but not accurate.
- 3
Name four things that make fieldwork data more reliable.
Model answer
Repeat readings at every site, the same method and equipment used throughout, a large sample, and a sampling method that avoids bias.
- 4
How does the size of the sample affect the trust a conclusion deserves?
Model answer
A larger sample evens out one-off variation and represents the site better, so the conclusion drawn from it is stronger.
- 5
Why does human error reduce reliability rather than only accuracy?
Model answer
Because if readings are taken or judged differently each time, repeating the work would not produce the same figures.
- 6
Why is a method that depends on judgement, such as scoring environmental quality, less reliable?
Model answer
Because the scores depend on the opinion of whoever gives them, so different people can score the same street differently.
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