Clash of Ideologies in Europe 1900–2000

What Clash of Ideologies in Europe 1900–2000 covers

Clash of Ideologies in Europe 1900–2000 is examined in A2 1, Change Over Time — the option chosen from five. It covers tsarist foreign policy 1900–17, Lenin's foreign policy and the western response 1917–24, soviet foreign policy and the West 1924–33, collective security and the failure of the West 1933–39, the Nazi-Soviet Pact and its consequences, the Grand Alliance and the impact of the war on the USSR, Yalta, Potsdam and the post-war settlement, the breakdown of the Grand Alliance and Soviet control in Eastern Europe, containment, the Berlin blockade and NATO 1947–55, Khrushchev, peaceful coexistence and control in Eastern Europe 1956–64, Brezhnev, Czechoslovakia and the Brezhnev Doctrine, Détente, SALT and the western response 1964–79, Afghanistan and the second Cold War 1979–85, Gorbachev, the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet bloc and success and failure in Soviet foreign policy 1917–91.

The 15 subtopics

Each one has its own page.

• Tsarist foreign policy 1900–17Wider significance of defeat by Japan and pan-Slavism and how did it shape Russian policy.Open →
• Lenin's foreign policy and the western response 1917–24Trotsky's negotiating formula at Brest-Litovsk, comintern and why was it founded and cordon sanitaire.Open →
• Soviet foreign policy and the West 1924–33Zinoviev Letter, ARCOS raid and class against class line.Open →
• Collective security and the failure of the West 1933–39Collective security, popular Front line and non-Intervention Committee.Open →
• The Nazi-Soviet Pact and its consequencesThe failure of collective security, the secret protocols and the partition of Poland, and the Soviet position between 1939 and 1941.Open →
• The Grand Alliance and the impact of the war on the USSRLend-Lease and what did it supply and percentages agreement.Open →
• Yalta, Potsdam and the post-war settlementAgreed at Yalta about Germany, declaration on Liberated Europe and agreed about reparations at Potsdam.Open →
• The breakdown of the Grand Alliance and Soviet control in Eastern EuropeSalami tactics, long Telegram and warsaw Pact and what prompted its creation.Open →
• Containment, the Berlin blockade and NATO 1947–55Marshall Plan, stalin's aims in blockading Berlin and outcome of the Berlin crisis.Open →
• Khrushchev, peaceful coexistence and control in Eastern Europe 1956–64The Secret Speech and its effect on the satellites, the Hungarian rising, the Berlin Wall and the western response.Open →
• Brezhnev, Czechoslovakia and the Brezhnev DoctrineLeader was Brezhnev in foreign affairs, prague Spring and brezhnev Doctrine.Open →
• Détente, SALT and the western response 1964–79The Brezhnev Doctrine and Czechoslovakia, Ostpolitik, the SALT and ABM agreements and the Helsinki Final Act.Open →
• Afghanistan and the second Cold War 1979–85NATO's dual-track decision and strategic Defense Initiative.Open →
• Gorbachev, the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet blocNew thinking after 1985, the INF Treaty, the abandonment of the Brezhnev Doctrine and the revolutions of 1989.Open →
• Success and failure in Soviet foreign policy 1917–91Two moments at which Soviet Russia was most isolated and most striking continuity in Soviet policy across the century.Open →

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Take Clash of Ideologies in Europe 1900–2000 further

The same content, four other ways.

Commonly confused

Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.

• Comintern vs Cominform

  Comintern: the interwar body for spreading revolution worldwide. Cominform: the post-war body for disciplining the European parties of one bloc.

• Truman Doctrine vs Marshall Plan

  Truman Doctrine: the political pledge to support peoples resisting subjugation. Marshall Plan: the programme of dollars for European recovery.

• Litvinov vs Molotov

  Litvinov: the advocate of alliance with the western democracies. Molotov: took over in 1939 and signed the agreement with Berlin.

Questions from this topic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1. 1

   What were the main aims of Tsarist foreign policy at the opening of the twentieth century?

   Model answer

   Russia sought expansion in the Far East, secure access to the Mediterranean through the Turkish Straits, and the role of protector of the Slav peoples of the Balkans.

2. 2

   Why did Russia become involved in Manchuria and Korea?

   Model answer

   Russia wanted an ice-free Pacific port and a sphere of influence to protect the Trans-Siberian Railway. Russian ambitions there collided with Japanese designs on Korea and Manchuria.

3. 3

   How did the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05 end?

   Model answer

   Japan took Port Arthur and destroyed the Russian fleet at Tsushima, and the Treaty of Portsmouth in 1905 forced Russia out of southern Manchuria and Korea.

4. 4

   What was the wider significance of defeat by Japan?

   Model answer

   Defeat by an Asian power humiliated the regime and helped provoke the revolution of 1905, and it turned Russian ambition back from the Pacific towards Europe and the Balkans.

5. 5

   What did the Anglo-Russian Entente of 1907 settle?

   Model answer

   Britain and Russia divided Persia into spheres of influence and settled their rivalry over Afghanistan and Tibet. The agreement completed the Triple Entente alongside France.

6. 6

   What alliance bound Russia to France, and from when?

   Model answer

   Russia and France concluded a military alliance in 1894 under which each promised help against a German attack.

What is inside Levo

Six ways to work the same material.

Clash of Ideologies in Europe 1900–2000 revision questions

What does Clash of Ideologies in Europe 1900–2000 cover in CCEA A-Level History?

15 subtopics: tsarist foreign policy 1900–17, lenin's foreign policy and the western response 1917–24, soviet foreign policy and the west 1924–33, collective security and the failure of the west 1933–39, the nazi-soviet pact and its consequences, the grand alliance and the impact of the war on the ussr, yalta, potsdam and the post-war settlement, the breakdown of the grand alliance and soviet control in eastern europe, containment, the berlin blockade and nato 1947–55, khrushchev, peaceful coexistence and control in eastern europe 1956–64, brezhnev, czechoslovakia and the brezhnev doctrine, détente, salt and the western response 1964–79, afghanistan and the second cold war 1979–85, gorbachev, the end of the cold war and the collapse of the soviet bloc and success and failure in soviet foreign policy 1917–91. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.

How is Clash of Ideologies in Europe 1900–2000 organised?

By the CCEA 4010 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.