Key term
OCR GCSE History A J410
Castles: Form and Function c.1000–1750Historic environment
Topic overviewThe location of Kenilworth CastleThe appearance and layout of Kenilworth Castle at different times in its historyThe day-to-day functions of Kenilworth CastleThe evidence historians use for a castle’s changing functionLife in Kenilworth Castle at different times in its historyKey events associated with Kenilworth Castle at different times in its history
China 1950–1981: The People and the StateDepth study
Topic overviewEarly purges, the Hundred Flowers and social policy in the 1950sLand reform, collectivisation, the First Five Year Plan and the Great Leap ForwardCauses and impact of the Cultural Revolution, the Red Guards and TibetThe nature of Communist propaganda and its impactCommunism in China after the death of Mao 1976–1981The Communist state and the Chinese people
Germany 1925–1955: The People and the StateDepth study
Topic overviewThe Weimar Republic 1925–1928 and the impact of the DepressionRising support for Nazis 1929–1933The Nazi consolidation of power 1933–1934The Nazi terror state, propaganda and the people's communityNazi economic and social policy, and the lack of effective oppositionReaction to war, changing fortunes and the home front 1939–1945Racial persecution, the Holocaust and opposition during the warDefeat, occupation and the two Germanys 1945–1955The state and the German people, 1925–1955
International Relations: The Changing International Order 1918–1975
Topic overviewThe Versailles settlement, the League and the agreements of the 1920sThe Depression, the failure of the League and the road to warSoviet actions in Eastern Europe and the Western response, 1945–48NATO, the Warsaw Pact, the Berlin Wall and the Cuban Missile CrisisOrigins of US involvement in Vietnam and the tactics of the warUS withdrawal from Vietnam, opposition at home and the end of the warChanging interpretations of AppeasementChanging interpretations of the responsibility for the Cold WarThe big ideas behind the twentieth-century international order
Migration to Britain c.1000 to c.2010Thematic study
Topic overviewDiversity before 1066, and the impact of the Norman ConquestJews in medieval England: treatment, integration and expulsionResident aliens in later medieval EnglandAfricans in sixteenth-century England, the East India Company and Britain’s black communitiesThe readmission of Jews in 1656, and Protestant refugeesIndustrial-age migration: the Irish, Eastern European Jews, abolition and ChartismNaturalisation, port communities and immigration law 1870–1948Attitudes towards Jews in the 1930s and migrants in the two world warsThe impact of post-war migration on BritainImmigration as a political issue c.1990–c.2010The big questions about migration to Britain
Personal Rule to Restoration 1629–1660British depth
Topic overviewRelationship between Parliament and Charles I 1629–1642Attempts at settlement, the radical groups and the Army 1646–1649The execution of Charles I 1649The Rump, Cromwell and the Protectorate 1649–1658Attempts to reach a settlement September 1658 – April 1660The tensions that led to war, and the changes that followed
Power: Monarchy and Democracy in Britain c.1000 to 2014Thematic study
Topic overviewAnglo-Saxon kingship, 1066 and the Norman monarchyMagna Carta and the emergence of ParliamentRichard II’s deposition and the Wars of the RosesTudor government, personal rule and the Civil WarsThe Restoration, 1688 and the Bill of RightsThe rise of political parties and a parliamentary monarchyParliament and the people, c.1800–c.1918: reform and the unionsVotes for women, and the state in war and peaceChallenges to Parliament since 1980Claiming, keeping and losing power
South Africa 1960–1994: The People and the StateDepth study
Topic overviewConsolidating apartheid in the 1960s: the Bantustans, state control and SharpevilleReasons for, methods of and impact of different types of resistanceThe further development of resistanceThe Anti-Apartheid Movement and the regime's response in the 1970sGrowing pressure on the regimeThe State of Emergency and the failure of total strategy 1985–1990Negotiations between the government and the ANCThe state and the South African people, 1960–1994
The English Reformation c.1520–c.1550British depth
Topic overviewThe church in England c.1520 and its criticsPopular attitudes to reform, the annulment and the Reformation ParliamentCromwell, the Valor Ecclesiasticus and the dissolution of the monasteriesImmediate reactions to Dissolution including supportResistance and protestDevelopment and changes in religious policy under Henry VIII and Edward VIEnforcing the new religious policies and the Prayer Book Rebellion 1549The English Church before and after the Reformation
The Impact of Empire on Britain 1688–c.1730British depth
Topic overviewThe Glorious Revolution, the Hanoverian succession and the British IslesDarien, the Act of Union, the 1715 rising and emigration to the AmericasEconomic impact of war and imperial expansionThe Treaty of Utrecht, the South Sea Bubble and the slave-based colonial economyConsumerism, the slave-trading ports and the coffee housesIdeas of racial hierarchy, and opposition and resistance to slaveryWhat empire did to Britain and the British Isles
The USA 1919–1948: The People and the StateDepth study
Topic overviewThe US economy and women in the ‘Roaring Twenties’Prohibition, the Red Scare and immigration restrictionsJim Crow, the Ku Klux Klan and attempts to combat prejudiceEconomic and social effects of the Great Depression and government responseThe Second New DealThe mobilisation of the US people for the war effortSocial impact of the warThe Detroit Race Riots 1943 and segregation in the armed forcesThe state and the American people, 1919–1948
The USA 1945–1974: The People and the StateDepth study
Topic overviewFears of Communism at home, the Red Scare and McCarthyismJim Crow and the development and achievements of the civil rights movementOpposition to civil rights and the role of the Supreme Court and EisenhowerThe roles of Kennedy and Johnson in civil rights campaignsBlack Power, radical leaders, and Native American and Chicano campaignsThe impact of feminismStonewall, anti-war protest and the Great SocietyThe state and the American people, 1945–1974
Urban Environments: Patterns of MigrationHistoric environment
Topic overviewWhen immigrant groups arrived, why and from whereSpitalfields: who came, when and whyWhere immigrants settled and how they were receivedSettling in Spitalfields, and how newcomers were receivedThe experiences of immigrantsWork, housing and faith in SpitalfieldsKey events in local migration historyAltab Ali, Brick Lane 1978 and other key events in SpitalfieldsThe impact of migration on the areaSpitalfields today: impact and the multicultural communityReading an urban site for its migration historyReading the buildings, maps and records of Spitalfields
War and British Society c.790 to c.2010Thematic study
Topic overviewViking raids and the Norman ConquestThe feudal system and feudal military serviceWar in medieval society, c.1290–c.1450Elizabeth I’s wars with Spain, and English privateersBorder warfare, the Civil Wars and the Jacobite risingsImperial wars of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuriesThe Crimean War and the Boer WarsThe two world wars and the Cold WarThe IRA campaigns and conflict since 1945What war did to British people and their rulers
China 1950–1981: The People and the State
- 6 subtopics
- 18 things to know
- Paper 1
- Paper 1, one non-British depth study of five
What China 1950–1981: The People and the State covers
China 1950–1981: The People and the State is examined in Paper 1, Period study with non-British depth study. It covers early purges, the Hundred Flowers and social policy in the 1950s; land reform, collectivisation, the First Five Year Plan and the Great Leap Forward; the causes and impact of the Cultural Revolution, the Red Guards and Tibet; the nature of Communist propaganda and its impact; Communism in China after the death of Mao 1976–1981; and the Communist state and the Chinese people.
Where it is assessed
Paper 1
Non-British depth study, one of five, sat with the period study.
Check the OCR specification ↗The 6 subtopics
Each one has its own page.
- Early purges, the Hundred Flowers and social policy in the 1950sThe Three-anti and Five-anti campaigns, struggle meetings and the Campaign to Suppress Counter-revolutionaries, the Hundred Flowers and the Anti-Rightist Movement, the Marriage Law, the attack on filial piety, the danwei, women's new rights, youth organisations and the literacy drives.Open →
- Land reform, collectivisation, the First Five Year Plan and the Great Leap ForwardThe Agrarian Reform Law of 1950, mutual aid teams and higher-stage cooperatives, the First Five Year Plan and Soviet help, the Great Leap Forward, the communes and backyard furnaces, the famine of 1959–62, and the Dazhai model and its inflated harvest figures.Open →
- Causes and impact of the Cultural Revolution, the Red Guards and TibetMao Zedong's weakened grip after 1962, his charges against Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, fears about the young, the closure of schools and the treatment of intellectuals, the sent-down youth, the Red Guards and the Four Olds, and the rising of 1959 and religion in Tibet.Open →
- The nature of Communist propaganda and its impactThe Little Red Book and Lin Biao, the model soldier Lei Feng, Mao Zedong's swim in the Yangtze, posters, badges and broadcasts, the personality cult's grip on everyday speech, and Dazhai's treatment of doubters, its publicity, its hidden help and its exposure after Mao.Open →
- Communism in China after the death of Mao 1976–1981The Gang of Four and the trial of Jiang Qing, the democracy wall, the Four Modernisations, the household responsibility system, Special Economic Zones, the verdict on Mao Zedong, the One Child policy, schooling and women.Open →
- The Communist state and the Chinese peopleThe Party's overriding aim, cadres and mass campaigns, the hukou, landlords and business owners, the burden on women, the young, religious minorities, popular support and quiet resistance, and the problems of the sources.Open →
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
How did China's industrialisation proceed from the First Five Year Plan to the Great Leap Forward?
Who and when
How was the cult of Mao Zedong built up in 1966, and what did it do to ordinary people?
Evaluation
How did Mao Zedong react when the criticism of 1957 began attacking Communist rule itself?
Key term
Which two instruments carried Party policy down into every village and city street?
Key term
What was a mutual aid team, the first step away from private farming?
Key term
Why was Mao Zedong’s grip on the leadership weaker after 1962?
Key term
What was the ‘up to the mountains and down to the villages’ movement of 1968?
Key term
What was the Little Red Book?
Who and when
Who were the Gang of Four?
Key term
What became of the Gang of Four within a month of Mao Zedong’s death in 1976?
Key term
Why did the Party govern China through campaigns rather than through officials and laws alone?
Key term
What did the Three-anti campaign launched in 1951 set out to root out?
Key term
Which kinds of production did the First Five Year Plan concentrate on?
Key term
Which ‘Four Olds’ were the Red Guards ordered to destroy?
Key term
Who compiled Mao Zedong’s book of quotations and used the army to spread his personality cult?
Numbers
What was the ‘democracy wall’ in Beijing, and why did it close?
Numbers
Which policy showed most starkly that Communist economic targets came before human life?
Take China 1950–1981: The People and the State further
The same content, four other ways.
Commonly confused
Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.
Three-anti campaign vs Five-anti campaign
Three-anti campaign: 1951 drive against corruption, waste and bureaucracy among officials and managers. Five-anti campaign: 1952 drive accusing urban businessmen of bribery, tax evasion and fraud.
Hundred Flowers campaign vs Anti-Rightist Movement
Hundred Flowers campaign: 1956 invitation to intellectuals to criticise officials and improve the Party. Anti-Rightist Movement: 1957 purge that sacked or exiled hundreds of thousands of critics.
Mutual aid team vs People's commune
Mutual aid team: a few neighbouring families pooling tools and labour while keeping their own land. People's commune: vast unit of thousands of households sharing land and eating in shared canteens.
Questions from this topic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What did the Three-anti campaign launched in 1951 set out to root out?
Model answer
Corruption, waste and bureaucracy among Communist Party officials, factory managers and state employees.
- 2
Which five ‘evils’ did the Five-anti campaign of 1952 accuse urban businessmen of?
Model answer
Bribery, tax evasion, theft of state property, cheating on government contracts and stealing state economic information.
- 3
What happened to a person put in front of a struggle meeting?
Model answer
A crowd denounced them in public until they confessed, after which they were commonly beaten, imprisoned, sent to a labour camp or shot.
- 4
Which groups were hunted down in the Campaign to Suppress Counter-revolutionaries of 1950–51?
Model answer
Former Guomindang officials and soldiers, bandits, secret society members and landlords, above all in the newly conquered south and west.
- 5
What slogan gave the Hundred Flowers campaign of 1956 its name?
Model answer
‘Let a hundred flowers bloom, let a hundred schools of thought contend’.
- 6
What did Mao Zedong say he wanted intellectuals to offer when he invited them to speak out?
Model answer
Constructive criticism that would correct the mistakes of officials and make the Party govern better.
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material.
China 1950–1981: The People and the State revision questions
- What does China 1950–1981: The People and the State cover in OCR GCSE History A?
- 6 subtopics: early purges, the hundred flowers and social policy in the 1950s, land reform, collectivisation, the first five year plan and the great leap forward, causes and impact of the cultural revolution, the red guards and tibet, the nature of communist propaganda and its impact, communism in china after the death of mao 1976–1981 and the communist state and the chinese people. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
- How is China 1950–1981: The People and the State organised?
- By the OCR J410 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.
Every question in China 1950–1981: The People and the State, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
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