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The USA 1945–1974: The People and the State

The state and the American people, 1945–1974

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

The Fair Deal, the anti-Communist machinery, the War on Poverty, segregation policy, the GI Bill, housing, women's education, the draft, school prayer, the 1965 Immigration Act, support and dissent, the silent majority and Watergate.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started
Who and when

What did Truman’s Fair Deal set out to do?

Key term

Which parts of the federal machinery carried out the drive against Communism at home?

Key term

How was Johnson’s War on Poverty put into practice from 1964?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What did Truman’s Fair Deal set out to do?

    Model answer

    Extend the New Deal with a higher minimum wage, more public housing and national health insurance, though Congress blocked most of it.

  2. 2

    Which parts of the federal machinery carried out the drive against Communism at home?

    Model answer

    Loyalty boards inside each government department, the FBI under J Edgar Hoover, and congressional committees that questioned witnesses in public.

  3. 3

    What did the McCarran Internal Security Act of 1950 require?

    Model answer

    That Communist organisations register with the government, and it allowed suspected subversives to be detained in a national emergency.

  4. 4

    How was Johnson’s War on Poverty put into practice from 1964?

    Model answer

    An Office of Economic Opportunity funded job training, the Head Start scheme for young children, and community agencies run by local people.

  5. 5

    How did federal policy towards segregation change between 1945 and 1964?

    Model answer

    It moved from leaving the question to the southern states, through enforcing court orders with federal troops, to outlawing segregation by act of Congress.

  6. 6

    How did federal help for returning servicemen change American society after 1945?

    Model answer

    The GI Bill paid for veterans’ college places and cheap home loans, which lifted many working-class families into the new suburbs.

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AFactories switched from consumer goods to weapons.
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