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China 1950–1981: The People and the State

Early purges, the Hundred Flowers and social policy in the 1950s

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

The Three-anti and Five-anti campaigns, struggle meetings and the Campaign to Suppress Counter-revolutionaries, the Hundred Flowers and the Anti-Rightist Movement, the Marriage Law, the attack on filial piety, the danwei, women's new rights, youth organisations and the literacy drives.

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Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What did the Three-anti, Five-anti and Suppress Counter-revolutionaries campaigns of 1950 to 1952 each target?

Evaluation

How did Mao Zedong react when the criticism of 1957 began attacking Communist rule itself?

Key term

What did the Three-anti campaign launched in 1951 set out to root out?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What did the Three-anti campaign launched in 1951 set out to root out?

    Model answer

    Corruption, waste and bureaucracy among Communist Party officials, factory managers and state employees.

  2. 2

    Which five ‘evils’ did the Five-anti campaign of 1952 accuse urban businessmen of?

    Model answer

    Bribery, tax evasion, theft of state property, cheating on government contracts and stealing state economic information.

  3. 3

    What happened to a person put in front of a struggle meeting?

    Model answer

    A crowd denounced them in public until they confessed, after which they were commonly beaten, imprisoned, sent to a labour camp or shot.

  4. 4

    Which groups were hunted down in the Campaign to Suppress Counter-revolutionaries of 1950–51?

    Model answer

    Former Guomindang officials and soldiers, bandits, secret society members and landlords, above all in the newly conquered south and west.

  5. 5

    What slogan gave the Hundred Flowers campaign of 1956 its name?

    Model answer

    ‘Let a hundred flowers bloom, let a hundred schools of thought contend’.

  6. 6

    What did Mao Zedong say he wanted intellectuals to offer when he invited them to speak out?

    Model answer

    Constructive criticism that would correct the mistakes of officials and make the Party govern better.

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