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International Relations: The Changing International Order 1918–1975

Soviet actions in Eastern Europe and the Western response, 1945–48

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

Yalta and Potsdam, salami tactics, the occupation of Germany and the two states of 1949, the Truman Doctrine, containment, the Marshall Plan, the Berlin blockade and airlift, and what followed from the crisis.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Numbers

How did the four-power occupation of Germany end in the Berlin blockade and a divided Germany?

Key term

Which three leaders met at Yalta in February 1945?

Key term

Why was the mood at Potsdam so much worse than at Yalta?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Which three leaders met at Yalta in February 1945?

    Model answer

    Franklin Roosevelt for the USA, Winston Churchill for Britain and Joseph Stalin for the USSR.

  2. 2

    What did Stalin promise at Yalta about the countries freed from German rule?

    Model answer

    That they would be allowed to choose their own governments in free elections.

  3. 3

    Why was the mood at Potsdam so much worse than at Yalta?

    Model answer

    Roosevelt had died and Truman distrusted Stalin, Germany was beaten so the allies no longer needed each other, and a communist government was already installed in Poland.

  4. 4

    What were salami tactics?

    Model answer

    Stalin’s method of removing opposition in Eastern Europe slice by slice, destroying rival parties one at a time until only communists were left.

  5. 5

    Which four powers occupied Germany after 1945?

    Model answer

    The USA, Britain, France and the USSR, each with its own zone.

  6. 6

    Which two German states came into being in 1949?

    Model answer

    The Federal Republic of Germany in the west in May, and the German Democratic Republic in the east in October.

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International Relations: The Changing International Order 1918–1975

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